Suchergebnisse

Intro -- Acknowledgements -- Contents -- Introduction -- Chapter 1: Protocol: The Word and the Concepts -- A Genealogy of Protocol -- Varieties of Protocols -- Formalising, Standardising, Certifying -- References -- Chapter 2: Governing Through Protocols -- An Analytics of Policy Instruments -- Calculating, Policing, Controlling -- The Power of Protocol -- References -- Chapter 3: Protocol as Method -- The Politics of Protocols -- A Pandemic of Protocols -- The Dilemmas of Protocols -- References -- References -- Index.

This book provides a genealogy of the concept of protocol in government. It examines the functions that different protocols play in the contemporary world, and how they act as devices which regulate delicate and strategic fields of politics and society. The book opens by assessing the historical origins of the word protocol, proposes a typology of protocols, and highlights the three main actions of these devices: formalising, standardising, and certifying. It then stresses the ways in which protocols are employed as governing devices, their use as policy instruments, and their role within capitalism. The book concludes by analysing protocol as a method for managing various aspects of social life. The politics of protocols and the dilemmas they present, especially within crisis and emergency scenarios, are also discussed. The book will appeal to scholars and students of public policy, sociology, political philosophy and the theory of law. Enrico Gargiulo is Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Bologna, Italy. His publications include Invisible Borders: Administrative Barriers and Citizenship in the Italian Municipalities (2021), as well as works on citizenship, registration and identification, demographic devices, population enactment, administrative discretion, security and police forces.

This article aims to map out the various meanings of security entailed by the different uses and misuses of registration in Italy. As will emerge from this analysis, population registers have been employed either as tools for observing the population and its dynamics or, on the contrary, as devices for identifying its "deserving" members. By drawing this map, this article contributes to the analysis of the "technical shaping of social outcomes" that is at the center of the special issue on the continuum between contingency and obduracy in sociotechnical practices of securitization. Theoretically, population registers are framed in the article as socio-technical and socio-legal devices which embed scripts. As will emerge, they have been historically sub-scribed, de-scribed, or de-inscribed by their users. Methodologically, this analysis relies on a research path focused on registration as a bordering device which has been conducted over the last ten years through several methodological approaches and on a research/action experience which was launched in 2020. Through the author's participation in a group of political activists, nongovernmental organization members, lawyers, and scholars who are committed to combatting discriminations, original ethnographic, documentary, and discursive data have been collected.

In current Italy, the path of non-citizens' inclusion has been characterised by the continuous encounter with legal and administrative barriers. The paper, using a variegated set of methods and research strategies (documental analysis; critical discourse analysis; key informants interviews; administrative data analysis), shows the results of a research program focused, on one hand, on the policies of exclusion at local level and, on the other hand, on the policies of integration at national level, analyses the ways with which migrants' obstacle course has been structured and the reasons why it is so arduous. In Italy, especially after 2005, the institutional vision of immigrants' integration has deeply changed. Now, the idea of integration is related to a differentialist vision of immigrants' inclusion and to several forms (explicit or implicit; visible or invisible) of institutional discrimination. These forms have caused an increase of civic stratification and, as a consequence, a 'precarisation of belongings'.

Nowadays, participation is a core issue in the broad field of social sciences. In the specific context of social policy, citizen participation is viewed as a key element of local welfare systems, and particularly for the planning activities that are linked to it. The institutional documents which formalise these activities-'Piani di Zona' (PdZ, local 3-year social plan)-contain discourses that strongly emphasise the role of ordinary citizens and third sector organisations. Yet, despite the intentions proclaimed within the texts of the Plans, the type of participation effectively promoted by these documents seems restricted to certain organisations of civil society-well-structured interest groups-rather than to the general citizenry. So the texts of the PdZ do not describe in a clear and plausible manner the procedures by which the involvement of ordinary citizens should be made possible. This article aims to demonstrate that this discrepancy be-tween the purposes declared within the PdZ and the means to be deployed is a catalyst for a process of privatisation of social policies. To this end, the article focuses on the PdZ as documents containing dis-courses, and analyses them through the lens of critical discourse studies (CDS) ; Nowadays, participation is a core issue in the broad field of social sciences. In the specific context of social policy, citizen participation is viewed as a key element of local welfare systems, and particularly for the planning activities that are linked to it. The institutional documents which formalise these activities-'Piani di Zona' (PdZ, local 3-year social plan)-contain discourses that strongly emphasise the role of ordinary citizens and third sector organisations. Yet, despite the intentions proclaimed within the texts of the Plans, the type of participation effectively promoted by these documents seems restricted to certain organisations of civil society-well-structured interest groups-rather than to the general citizenry. So the texts of the PdZ do not describe in a clear and ...

The aim of this article is to investigate the nature and the specificities of a new status that, as a consequence of the current "crisis" of national citizenship, is purchasing an increasing importance: residence. More in detail, the object of this paper is constituted by the attempt to understand whether the process of "location of the rights" that is taking place in many European states, and particularly in the Italian context, is shaping an inclusionary system of 'local citizenships' or, rather, an exclusionary one, based on a particularistic idea of membership.

The intensification of terrorist attacks in Europe, the worsening effects of the global economic crisis, the constant attention to migratory flows in vast areas of the planet and the frequent environmental disasters have turned back the spotlights on the "State of Emergency". Far beyond the limits in which it was traditionally relegated, "Emergency" paradoxically entered the ordinary public debate, with the effect of a deeply transformation of the political mechanisms and processes of legitimacy. This article aims to reflect on "Emergency" as a normal and normalized instrument of power legitimacy, by linking it with (i) the organicists imaginaries related to the concept of crisis, (ii) the reframing of social problems in terms of security and (iii) the political and legal responses justified with the arguments of urgency, exception and necessity.