Suchergebnisse

Le concept de trajectoire de vie individuelle, central aux sciences sociales, est rarement utilisé en tant que tel dans la recherche quantitative. Pourtant, il peut être efficacement opérationnalisé à l'aide de l'analyse de séquence. Cette méthode holistique utilise des données longitudinales pour associer à chaque individu d'une population une séquence chronologique d'états dans un (ou plusieurs) domaine(s) de vie. Comparer ces séquences permet de les regrouper en types sociologiquement significatifs et de les analyser à l'aide de procédures statistiques standard. L'étude des variations de ces trajectoires individuelles en fonction de leur position dans l'espace social et dans le temps historique apporte un éclairage original sur les hypothèses de sexuation, de standardisation et d'individualisation des parcours de vie.

The aim of the thematic issue Family Supportive Networks and Practices in Vulnerable Contexts is to provide a cross‐national perspective on the current state of caregiving and support practices within family networks in Europe. The articles featured in this volume were selected from among the presentations made in 2021 at two conferences promoted by the research network Sociology of Families and Intimate Lives of the European Sociological Association (ESA RN13). Authors of the most promising, topical, and up‐to‐date research papers were invited to contribute to this thematic issue.

Abstract
In a context of increasing pluralization and individualization of family forms, families would often develop through (individual) spatial mobility. This challenges a dominant view of the family that emphasises spatial proximity and residential stability in a conducive environment for family development. Using data from the Swiss survey Family tiMes and multi-channel sequence analysis, this article examines the links between residential context, residential mobility and family development over the life course.

Ziel: Untersucht werden Beschäftigungssituation und Einkommen ratsuchender Angehöriger von Personen mit Alkoholproblemen. </P><P> Stichprobe: An der Untersuchung beteiligten sich 2.450 ratsuchende Angehörige von 55 der 78 Alkoholberatungsstellen der Schweiz (Partizipationsquote: 70,5%). </P><P> Design: Angehörige und Alkoholabhängige werden jeweils nach Geschlecht unterschieden und einander gegenübergestellt. </P><P> Ergebnisse: Weibliche Angehörige arbeiten verhältnismäßig selten vollzeitlich und relativ häufig teilzeitlich oder ausschließlich im Haushalt. Sie sind verhältnismäßig häufig auf ökonomische Unterstützung durch den Partner angewiesen. Demgegenüber handelt es sich bei ratsuchenden männlichen Angehörigen relativ häufig um ökonomisch gut gestellte Führungskräfte und selbstständig Erwerbende. </P><P> Schlussfolgerung: Notwendigkeit ist eine schichts- und geschlechtsspezifische Ausschreibung der Angehörigenberatung sowie eine zeitflexible Organisation derselben.

Abstract
This paper investigates trends in Swiss women's and men's gender attitudes in the period 2000–2017 using the Swiss Household Panel data. Based on pooled OLS and fixed-effects models, we establish the following for women and men: (1) over this time period, attitudes towards gender roles become more egalitarian, while attitudes towards gender equality achievement remain stable; (2) the youngest cohort unexpectedly holds more traditional attitudes; and (3) individual attitudes change over the life course based on life events and the attitudes of one's partner.

Advanced modernity in Europe is characterized by both looser community ties than in the past and greater flexibility of social integration. This results in a gradual diversification of individual family and professional trajectories and the social configurations in which they take place. Recent conceptual and methodological advances offer new possibilities for longitudinal analysis of life courses and social networks. These advances help to better understand the cumulative dynamics of the relationships between events and individual trajectory structures in a complex social positioning space, since the latter is approached in an intersectional perspective that takes into account social class and gender effects. It also makes it possible to measure the link between these trajectories and the representations that individuals make of themselves in such a context. The historical and political dimension of the modernization process makes sense in the light of comparisons between different cohorts and countries. Based on a sample of 800 people representative for French, German and Italian-speaking Switzerland - associated with identical collectives interviewed for the same purpose in Portugal and Finland - this project intends to reveal the mechanisms that underlie the production of identities and social positioning over time,
depending on gender and cultural and social capital available in specific institutional and historical contexts.

This book critically assesses the main features of the modernization of family life and personal relationships by examining and comparing three European countries with different social and political pathways: Portugal, Switzerland and Lithuania. Drawing on national surveys of family trajectories and social networks, the contributors highlight personal and family relationships through the lens of network and life course perspectives as well as gender and generational perspectives. Providing innovative, comparative findings on families and personal networks through the use of diverse methodologies, this edited collection will be of interest to scholars, students and policymakers across a range of social science disciplines

This study focuses on the constitution of financial reserves in Switzerland from a longitudinal perspective. Personal income after retirement derives from financial reserves whose constitution depends both on positional factors, such as sex and birth cohorts, and processual factors, such as occupational trajectories, in the institutional context of the Swiss pension system (structural factors). We hypothesise that some processual, positional and structural factors interact with each other to shape financial reserves available in old age. We assess this set of factors and their interactions using the occupational trajectory types stemming from optimal matching analysis (OMA) combined with the hierarchical clustering and regression tree methods. We used the retrospective biographic data SHARELIFE gathered during the third wave of the SHARE survey in 2009. The results show that occupational trajectories are influential factors accounting for much of the financial reserves available in later life. However, these processual factors interact with positional factors such as sex and birth cohort. The retirement schemes generalised in Switzerland during the period under consideration add up to the effect of positional factors on the constitution of financial reserves.

There are concerns that migrants may be embedded in far-flung networks with support being less collective. The spatial dispersion of their relatives and friends would result in fragmented networks with lower solidarity and lower mutual trust than densely connected networks based on geographical proximity. This may be particularly true for migrants who rarely meet their relatives and friends face-to-face. Yet, it is unclear what role, if any, distant visits play in migrants' social capital. This article examines these issues using representative data from Switzerland and a combination of network and sequence analysis. Results show that migrants have more spatially dispersed networks, which, in turn, are associated with higher number of emotional support ties compared to respondents with spatially close networks, yet they are characterised by low cohesion and low trust. Distant visits only partly moderate the influence of spatial dispersion on social capital. People who frequently visit or host their far-flung relatives and friends have more transitive networks and fewer supportive ties than those who see them less often, but they do not have higher trust in them. Overall, distant visits have relatively little impact on social capital, suggesting a network effect that goes beyond dyadic relationships.