Suchergebnisse

Full integration of Ukraine into the European political and economic environment requires the further democratization of social processes. A complete transition from an authoritarian or totalitarian regime to a democracy is essential for the creation of a new economic basis of society. This transformation of public consciousness, as an inevitable stage in the construction of a market economy, requires new forms of organization concerning the state regulation of all the various processes present in different sectors and at different levels. The modern concept of Public administration is firmly established as the standard form for the organization of processes and technological support of public administration in Ukraine. The use of a certain unified model of decentralization of Public administration within the framework of Local Self Government will ensure the necessary level of transparency in dealing with many of the common problems of regional development, including those in the context of economic liberalization. ; Kad Ukraina būtų pilnai integruota į Europos politinę ir ekonominę aplinką, būtina toliau demokratizuoti socialinius procesus. Norint sukurti naują ekonominį visuomenės pagrindą, yra būtina visiškai pereiti nuo autoritarinio ar totalitarinio režimo prie demokratijos. Viešosios sąmonės transformacijai – o tai yra neišvengiama rinkos ekonomikos kūrimo stadija – reikalingos naujos valstybinio reguliavimo organizavimo formos, kurios apimtų visus procesus skirtinguose sektoriuose ir įvairiuose lygmenyse. Šiuolaikinė viešojo administravimo samprata yra įsitvirtinusi kaip standartinė viešojo administravimo procesų ir technologinės paramos organizavimo forma Ukrainoje. Tačiau jos praktinis įgyvendinimas regioniniame valdyme, o taip pat ir ekonominių procesų Ukrainoje, vyksta labai lėtai. Ukrainoje, kaip ir daugelyje kitų šalių, decentralizacija sukuria kontekstą, kuriame viešojo administravimo technologijos susiduria su didžiausiomis praktinio pritaikymo problemomis. Pačios naujausios tendencijos regioninės valdžios ir vietos valdžios galių decentralizacijos kontekste yra šios: efektyvaus strateginio dokumento, kuris apibrėžia bendruosius uždavinius, tendencijas, priemones ir decentralizacijos mechanizmus visose visuomenės-politikos ir socialinių-ekonominių santykių sistemose priėmimas; plačiai paplitęs mokslo pasitelkimas kuriant regioninio vystymosi programas ypač fokusuojantis į investicijų grąžą ir / ar realią socialinę ar ekonominę naudą; vertikalios ir horizontalios sistemos formavimas vietos ir regioninės valdžios pastangų koordinavimui siekiant suaktyvinti jų bendradarbiavimą dorojantis su teritorinio valdymo iššūkiais; efektyvaus teisinio pagrindo sukūrimas, kuris pašalina visus jautrius aspektus vietos valdžios, viešosios valdžios, verslo struktūrų ir pilietinės visuomenės institucijų bendradarbiavimo kontekste socialinio-ekonominio regionų vystymosi procese; vadybininkų visuose viešojo administravimo sistemos lygmenyse, įtraukiant ir pilietinės visuomenės institucijas, rengimas ir jų kompetencijų tobulinimas. Tam tikro unifikuoto viešojo administravimo decentralizavimo modelio vietos savivaldos rėmuose naudojimas užtikrins būtiną skaidrumo lygį sprendžiant daugelį bendrų regioninio vystymosi problemų, o taip pat ir tų, su kuriomis susiduriama ekonominės liberalizacijos kontekste.

Civil participation is the main component of effective governance. The topicality of this paper lies in civil participation in decision-making defined by the principles of "new public governance" of the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the impact of civil participation in decision-making on waste management at the municipal level. In this work, the following aspects were considered: theoretical assumptions of civil participation; civil participation in the activities of institutions responsible for environmental protection; issues regarding the development of opportunities of citizens' involvement in municipal waste management. The article is devoted to the theoretical assumptions about civil participation, theoretical model of analysis, and activity of institutions. To develop a theoretical model of analysis, a classification of civil participation was carried out. Among the methods used, one can mention the questionnaire. The analysis was focused on a legal basis for the activity of institutions; the actual activity of institutions and survey of representatives of the national environmental authorities in Lithuania. The results showed that currently there is no mechanism in Lithuania to ensure civil participation in municipal waste management. Civil participation is still formal and limited. Overall, citizens are informed about the decisions made, but they do not participate actively in decision-making. The analysis of civil participation capacity in waste management leads to the conclusion that Lithuania has no single mechanism to ensure civil participation in waste management. To enhance civil participation in decision-making on waste management, it is suggested to set up a council where the representatives of civil population are delegated.

Civil participation is the main component of effective governance. The topicality of this paper lies in civil participation in decision-making defined by the principles of "new public governance" of the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the impact of civil participation in decision-making on waste management at the municipal level. In this work, the following aspects were considered: theoretical assumptions of civil participation; civil participation in the activities of institutions responsible for environmental protection; issues regarding the development of opportunities of citizens' involvement in municipal waste management. The article is devoted to the theoretical assumptions about civil participation, theoretical model of analysis, and activity of institutions. To develop a theoretical model of analysis, a classification of civil participation was carried out. Among the methods used, one can mention the questionnaire. The analysis was focused on a legal basis for the activity of institutions; the actual activity of institutions and survey of representatives of the national environmental authorities in Lithuania. The results showed that currently there is no mechanism in Lithuania to ensure civil participation in municipal waste management. Civil participation is still formal and limited. Overall, citizens are informed about the decisions made, but they do not participate actively in decision-making. The analysis of civil participation capacity in waste management leads to the conclusion that Lithuania has no single mechanism to ensure civil participation in waste management. To enhance civil participation in decision-making on waste management, it is suggested to set up a council where the representatives of civil population are delegated.

The object of the study is to monitor the economic development of territories. As a result, a detailed analysis revealed the absence of a single action algorithm for diag-nosing the economic development of territories. As a result of the analysis of the ter-minological apparatus, the essence of monitoring the economic development of territo-ries is clarified, by which is meant the process of measuring, fixing, evaluating, con-trolling, analyzing and forecasting key characteristics based on information technolo-gies and intended for current and strategic goals of managing the country's territory. The paper proposes a model for the formation of an information-analytical system for monitoring the economic development of territories, based on the use of IDEF0 func-tional modeling and includes a specific set of stages, each of which solves a set of tasks with an indication of mechanisms and tools. The practical implementation of a functional model for the formation of an information-analytical system for monitoring the economic development of territories will effectively organize the collection of information, objectively assess the dynamics of changes in the regions, and also forecast the development of economic processes in the country.

The vision of social transformations, which is a component of the stage of modernization of society, is presented. It is proposed to consider the influence of archetypes on social transformations through the formation of an archetypical and institutional mechanism for regulating socio-economic relations, which is proposed to be considered as an ordered set of institutional levers, incentives and measures aimed at ensuring the effective use of archetypes on the basis of a combination of factors of the micro- and macroeconomic environment by means of public administration. The emphasis is placed on the strengthening of the role of state and supra-national regulatory archetypical-institutional entities in the design of social transformations. Based on the existing theoretical and conceptual provisions for determining the content of the process of institutionalization of archetypes, it has been determined that the mechanism of regulation of institutional transformations of the national market should be considered in three main aspects, corresponding to the economic and social nature of the inter-subjective interaction of market participants. It is noted that the system-reflexive paradigm of regulation of the development and management of transformational changes of complex open socio-economic systems is based on the definition of the active nature of the influence of archetypes, subjects, as well as the reflexive procedures of their interaction, both on the choice of directions and ways of implementation, and on the dynamics of the flow of these processes. The composition of the main provisions that determine the feasibility of using a system of reflexive paradigm in the field of regulation of socio-economic relations, includes a set of assumptions. The main provisions defining the expediency of using the system-reflexive paradigm in the sphere of regulation of socio-economic relations are determined. It is established that the main institutional conflicts are manifestations of inconsistency between archetypes and elements of institutional environment.

In order to study the level of human integration into the information environment of tangible and intangible goods supply chain, a measurement technique was developed, which includes three stages: self-assessment of the level of one's own information competence; fulfillment of tasks related to interaction with e-government, e-business and e-learning system; and self-assessment after completing tasks. It is suggested to use this tool to analyze and evaluate the information competencies of different population groups, as well as to solve problems related to the search, processing, evaluation and dissemination of information. Therefore, it can help increase motivation to acquire information skills. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the information competencies of local government officials and students. The proposed tool allows the user to diagnose and solve problems identified in the process of acquiring information skills in students and public servants (as a category of potential consumers). As a result of the experiment, groups of users were distinguished according to their level of motivation to improve their knowledge and skills.

According to the World Health Organization, coronary heart disease (CHD)-caused deaths accounted for one-fifth of the total deaths in Mexico in 2017. Researches done in the past have confirmed the association between dietary trans-fatty acids (TFA) and CHD. Dietary TFA are mostly derived from industrial-hydrogenated oils, milk products, and meat fats. This paper is a build on of a policy paper done on international policies for TFA in low-to-middle income countries, using Mexico as the case study. This write up, however, aims to critically analyse the TFA regulation policy process in Mexico, evaluating the strength of evidence proposed and identifying the barriers preventing the usage of the evidence for a TFA regulation policy implementation. Although evidence abounds for TFA regulation policy, lack of effective collaboration and communication among the major actors (researchers, policy­makers, and consumers) in Mexico remains a major setback in its implementation.

The strategic approach to sustainable territorial development precisely assesses all regional disparities. Implementing this approach allows considering the interests and requirements of all stakeholders and identifying priority areas for regional development. A detailed analysis of existing regional development strategies and programs confirms the active region interaction with numerous organizations, groups, and individuals. The growing role of stakeholders in shaping regional policy determines the necessity of the research. Proposed conceptual approach will contribute determining the stakeholders' interaction effectiveness in ensuring sustainable territorial development. Algorithm for analyzing the stakeholders' interaction effectiveness was worked out based upon critical analysis of the scientific professionals' main approaches of identifying and comparing the interests of stakeholders' sectoral and territorial groups in the context of solving the region existing problems. A feature of the proposed measure scheme of the stakeholder interaction efficiency is the synthesis of quantitative and qualitative assessment of the stakeholder interaction effectiveness using the method of expert assessments, statistical analysis, and fuzzy sets. The practical part of the developed approach to determining the effectiveness of stakeholder interaction allowed to assess the level of regional development programs implementation in the Kharkiv region and to identify the synergistic effect of stakeholder interaction. The made conclusions and recommendations regarding the solution of region existing problems have found practical application in predicting scenarios for the territory development.

The main aim of the research was to develop cognitive instruments that allow justification of decisions in national innovation policy. In the theoretical part of research fundamentals of national innovation policies of EU-members and Ukraine were compared to reveal factors that can accelerate innovation development. In the empirical part of research the analysis of innovation capability of Ukrainian enterprises was conducted based on financial, statistic and management reports and it confirmed that companies systematically conducted innovation activities, reached higher levels of innovation potential, innovative business opportunities and margin of economic security and, consequently, have more innovative capacities for innovation of all types.
The formation of cognitive analytical base allowed the application of scenario modelling at the level of public management of innovation activity. Cognitive modelling approach was justified firstly by increased volatility in economic conditions of modern realities of crisis in the national economy, and secondly high-cost and risky innovations, fast diffusion of information resources during the introduction of innovation processes, and thirdly, the presence of the mutual influence of objects of national innovation system.

The main aim of the research was to develop cognitive instruments that allow justification of decisions in national innovation policy. In the theoretical part of research fundamentals of national innovation policies of EU-members and Ukraine were compared to reveal factors that can accelerate innovation development. In the empirical part of research the analysis of innovation capability of Ukrainian enterprises was conducted based on financial, statistic and management reports and it confirmed that companies systematically conducted innovation activities, reached higher levels of innovation potential, innovative business opportunities and margin of economic security and, consequently, have more innovative capacities for innovation of all types. The formation of cognitive analytical base allowed the application of scenario modelling at the level of public management of innovation activity. Cognitive modelling approach was justified firstly by increased volatility in economic conditions of modern realities of crisis in the national economy, and secondly high-cost and risky innovations, fast diffusion of information resources during the introduction of innovation processes, and thirdly, the presence of the mutual influence of objects of national innovation system. ; Pagrindinis šio straipsnio tikslas yra tirti kognityvines priemones, kurios prisidėtų kuriant teisingą sprendimų priėmimą šalies inovacijų politikoje. Teorinėje apžvalgoje yra aptariamos ES šalių narių ir Ukrainos inovacijų politikų gairės ir įgyvendinimo procesai bei priežastys galinčios paskatinti inovacijų plėtrą. Empyrinis tyrimas buvo grįstas Ukrainos pavyzdžiu, čia buvo analizuojamaos Ukrainos įmonių financiniai ir žmogiškieji pajėgumai seikiant inovacijų sklaidos ir taikymo. Įmonių financinių ir statistinių rodiklių bei vadybos schemų analizė parodė, kad įmonės nuolat diegiančios inovatyvius procesus ir naudojančius inovatyvius produktus savo veikloje, pasiekia aukštesnį inovacijos lygį, turi daugiau galimybių plėsti savo veiklą bei yra atsparesnės iškilus financinėms grėsmėms. Šios įmonės dažniau ir lengviau geba iššūkius paversti galimybėmis. Analitinio kognityvinio žinių kūrimas tapo pagrindu scenarijumi grįsto modelio sukūrime ir pritaikyme viešojo sektoriaus inovacijų skatinimui. Kongnityvinio modelio taikymas pasirodė ypač veiksmingas sprendžiant nuolat kintančius financinius klausimus, kurie yra tokie būdingi šiuolaikinei ekonomikai. Šio modelio nauda buvo pastebėta nagrinėjant didelės rizikos inovacijas bei nacionalinės reikšmės inovacijų įgyvendinimą.

The article focuses on the relevance of the implementation of information and analytical support mechanisms in the activities of local state administrations. Information resources and information processes in general become the main prerequisites for the effectiveness of public administration and local governments. This requires public authorities to implement systems and structures of information and analytical support of government activities, new forms and technologies of information use, new technologies for its collection, processing and analysis, creation and interaction of information databases. Theoretical bases of functioning of information and analytical maintenance mechanisms of local administrations activity are substantiated; practical offers concerning the improvement of processes of their formation and functioning in system of public administration are generalized and developed.

Civil participation is the main component of effective governance. The topicality of this paper lies in civil participation in decision-making defined by the principles of "new public governance" of the 21st century. This study aims to analyze the impact of civil participation in decision-making on waste management at the municipal level. In this work, the following aspects were considered: theoretical assumptions of civil participation; civil participation in the activities of institutions responsible for environmental protection; issues regarding the development of opportunities of citizens' involvement in municipal waste management. The article is devoted to the theoretical assumptions about civil participation, theoretical model of analysis, and activity of institutions. To develop a theoretical model of analysis, a classification of civil participation was carried out. Among the methods used, one can mention the questionnaire. The analysis was focused on a legal basis for the activity of institutions; the actual activity of institutions and survey of representatives of the national environmental authorities in Lithuania. The results showed that currently there is no mechanism in Lithuania to ensure civil participation in municipal waste management. Civil participation is still formal and limited. Overall, citizens are informed about the decisions made, but they do not participate actively in decision-making. The analysis of civil participation capacity in waste management leads to the conclusion that Lithuania has no single mechanism to ensure civil participation in waste management. To enhance civil participation in decision-making on waste management, it is suggested to set up a council where the representatives of civil population are delegated.