Suchergebnisse

This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived program, which commemorates University of California Press's mission to seek out and cultivate the brightest minds and give them voice, reach, and impact. Drawing on a backlist dating to 1893, Voices Revived makes high-quality, peer-reviewed scholarship accessible once again using print-on-demand technology. This title was originally published in 1989. This title is part of UC Press's Voices Revived

"This book addresses issues of legal and moral governance arising in the development, deployment and eventual uses of emerging technologies in military operations. Proverbial wisdom has it that law and morality always lag behind technological innovation. Hence the book aims to identify, enumerate, and constructively address the problems of adequate governance for the development, deployment and eventually uses of military technologies that have been newly introduced into military operations, or which will be available in the near future. Proposals for modifications in governance, the book argues, closely track the anxieties of many critics of these technologies, to the extent that they will proliferate, prove destructive in unanticipated ways, and partially or wholly escape regulation under current treaties and regulatory regimes. In addition to such concerns in domestic and especially in international law, the book addresses ethical norms in the professions involved in the design and eventual use of specific technologies, principally involving the professional norms of practice in engineering and the military (as well as biomedical and health care practice), which impose moral obligations on their members to avoid reckless endangerment or criminal negligence in the course of their activities. Thus, in addition to exploring the application of existing legal regimes and moral norms, the book examines how these professions might develop or improve the voluntary constraints on forms of malfeasance that are enshrined in their histories and codes of best practices. This book should prove of great interest to students of ethics, military studies, philosophy of war and peace, law, and international relations"--

"This book addresses issues of legal and moral governance arising in the development, deployment and eventual uses of emerging technologies in military operations. Proverbial wisdom has it that law and morality always lag behind technological innovation. Hence the book aims to identify, enumerate, and constructively address the problems of adequate governance for the development, deployment and eventually uses of military technologies that have been newly introduced into military operations, or which will be available in the near future. Proposals for modifications in governance, the book argues, closely track the anxieties of many critics of these technologies, to the extent that they will proliferate, prove destructive in unanticipated ways, and partially or wholly escape regulation under current treaties and regulatory regimes. In addition to such concerns in domestic and especially in international law, the book addresses ethical norms in the professions involved in the design and eventual use of specific technologies, principally involving the professional norms of practice in engineering and the military (as well as biomedical and health care practice), which impose moral obligations on their members to avoid reckless endangerment or criminal negligence in the course of their activities. Thus, in addition to exploring the application of existing legal regimes and moral norms, the book examines how these professions might develop or improve the voluntary constraints on forms of malfeasance that are enshrined in their histories and codes of best practices. This book should prove of great interest to students of ethics, military studies, philosophy of war and peace, law, and international relations"--

Introduction : the transformation of contemporary armed conflict -- Postmodern war -- Laws for laws -- Ethics and automated warfare -- When robots rule the waves -- Artificial intelligence and conventional military operations -- Artificial intelligence and cyber operations -- The devolution of norms in cyber warfare from stuxnet to solar winds -- Prospects for peace in the cyber domain -- Cyber surveillance as preventive self-defense -- Law and ethics for defense industries and engineers.

Optimal tax reform : transitional issues in implementing tax reform -- Implementing tax reform -- Optimal tax reform in the presence of adjustment costs -- Grandfather rules and the theory of optimal tax reform -- Consumption tax reform: changes in business equity and housing prices / (with John W. Diamond) -- Consumption taxation -- Should capital income be subject to consumption-based taxation? -- A hybrid consumption-based direct tax proposed for Bolivia / (with Charles E. McLure, Jr.) -- U.S. Supreme Court unanimously chooses substance over form in foreign tax credit case : implications of the PPL decision for the creditability of cash-flow taxes / (with Charles E. McLure, Jr. and Jack Mintz) -- Taxation, uncertainty and the choice of a consumption tax base -- Optimal commodity taxation of traditional and electronic commerce income tax reform -- Treasury I and the Tax Reform Act of 1986 : the economics and politics of tax reform / (with Charles E. McLure, Jr.) -- The windfall recapture tax : issues of theory and design -- Balancing act: weighing the factors affecting the taxation of capital income in a small open economy / (with Margaret McKeehan) -- State and local tax policy -- Revenue options for the state of texas -- The new view of the property tax : a reformulation / (with Peter Mieszkowski) -- The property tax as a capital tax : a room with three views -- Intrajurisdictional capitalization and the incidence of the property tax -- Tax competition -- Pigou, Tiebout, property taxation and the under-provision of local public goods / (with Peter Mieszkowski) -- Capital mobility and capital tax competition -- Tax competition and the efficiency of "benefit-related" business taxes / (with Elisabeth Gugl).

How did Britain transform itself from a nation of workhouses to one that became a model for the modern welfare state? The Winding Road to the Welfare State investigates the evolution of living standards and welfare policies in Britain from the 1830s to 1950 and provides insights into how British working-class households coped with economic insecurity. George Boyer examines the retrenchment in Victorian poor relief, the Liberal Welfare Reforms, and the beginnings of the postwar welfare state, and he describes how workers altered spending and saving methods based on changing government policies.From the cutting back of the Poor Law after 1834 to Parliament's abrupt about-face in 1906 with the adoption of the Liberal Welfare Reforms, Boyer offers new explanations for oscillations in Britain's social policies and how these shaped worker well-being. The Poor Law's increasing stinginess led skilled manual workers to adopt self-help strategies, but this was not a feasible option for low-skilled workers, many of whom continued to rely on the Poor Law into old age. In contrast, the Liberal Welfare Reforms were a major watershed, marking the end of seven decades of declining support for the needy. Concluding with the Beveridge Report and Labor's social policies in the late 1940s, Boyer shows how the Liberal Welfare Reforms laid the foundations for a national social safety net.A sweeping look at economic pressures after the Industrial Revolution, The Winding Road to the Welfare State illustrates how British welfare policy waxed and waned over the course of a century.

On war (Zum Krieg) -- Inconvenient truths -- "This is not your father's war" -- What is "just war" discourse? -- The principle of last resort -- The case for preventive war -- Jus ante and post bellum -- Advice and dissent -- Armed humanitarian intervention -- Forgetful warriors -- Conclusion.

"This book examines the importance of 'military ethics' in the formulation and conduct of contemporary military strategy. Clausewitz's original analysis of war relegated ethics to the side-lines in favour of political realism, interpreting the proper use of military power solely to further the political goals of the state, whatever those may be. This book demonstrates how such single-minded focus no longer suffices to secure the interest of states, for whom the nature of warfare has evolved to favour strategies that hold combatants themselves to the highest moral and professional standards in their conduct of hostilities. Waging war has thus been transformed in a manner that moves beyond Clausewitz's original conception, rendering political success wholly dependent upon the cultivation and exercise of discerning moral judgment by strategists and combatants in the field. This book utilises a number of perspectives and case studies to demonstrate how ethics now plays a central role in strategy in modern armed conflict. This book will be of much interest to students of just war, ethics, military strategy, and international relations."--Provided by publisher.

"This isn't your America. No matter who the president is. We're told that when we vote, when we elect representatives, we're gaining a voice in government and the policies it implements. But if that's true, why don't American politics actually translate our preferences into higher-living standards for the majority of us? The answer is that, in America, the wealthy few have built a system that works in their favor, while maintaining the illusion of democracy. The reality is that the quality of democracy in the United States is lower than in any other rich democracy, on a par with nations such as Brazil or Turkey. In the US, voters have little influence on eventual policy outcomes engineered by lawmakers. Political scientists call it the income bias and attribute it to the power of wealthy donors who favor wage suppression and cuts to important government programs such as public education and consumer protection. It causes American lawmakers to compete to satisfy preferences of donors from the top one percent instead of the middle class. It's also why our economy has been misfiring for most Americans for a generation, wages stagnating and opportunity dwindling. The election of Donald Trump shocked the world, but for many Americans, it came as a stark reflection of mounting frustrations with our current system and anger at the status quo. We need to find a way to fix the way our government serves us. The only realistic pathway to improve middle-class economics is for Congress and the Supreme Court to raise the quality of American democracy. In Billionaire Democracy: The Hijacking of the American Political System, economist George R. Tyler lays out the fundamental problems plaguing our democracy. He explains how the American democratic system is rigged and how it has eroded the middle class, providing an unflinching and honest comparison of the US government to peer democracies abroad. He also breaks down where we fall short and how other rich democracies avoid the income bias created by the overwhelming role of money in US politics. Finally, Tyler outlines practical campaign finance reforms we can adopt when we finally focus on improving the political responsiveness of our government. It's time for the people of this nation to demand a government that properly serves us, the American people."

"The Archaeology of Phoenix and the Early Steamboat Age in North America offers an in-depth exploration of the archaeological and cultural aspects of early American steamboat development. It also tells the story of Phoenix, the second steamer to operate on Lake Champlain and the world's earliest archaeologically studied steamboat wreck. In doing so, this book breathes life into the event that first opened people's eyes to the speed, comfort and efficiency of steam propulsion, as well as to the hazards associated with steamboat operation"--

Goethals explores the place of racial dynamics in American politics from President Lincoln to Donald Trump to explain the way the politics of racial justice and needs for positive social identity have led to different regions in the United States changing party affiliation