Suchergebnisse

Die im Jahre 1990 aus der früheren Kommunistischen Partei hervorgegangene Bulgarische Sozialistische Partei (BSP) durchlebt gegenwärtig ihre bislang schwerste Krise. Um Konflikten innerhalb der Parteiführung und der Wählerschaft aus dem Weg zu gehen, hat man lange Zeit versäumt, grundlegende Fragen der zukünftigen politischen Orientierung, beispielsweise im Hinblick auf eine Sozialdemokratisierung, zu klären. Die Versäumnisse der Vergangenheit rächen sich jetzt. (BIOst-Mrk)

Examines Bulgarian nationalism, nationalistic parties, and democracy since 1989; focuses on the Bulgarian Communist Party's nationalism, phases of national consensus after 1989, national and nationalistic parties, minority nationalistic organizations, and other issues.

Es ist ein bemerkenswerter Erfolg der bulgarischen Transformation seit 1989, dass die Spannungen zwischen Mehrheitsbevölkerung und Minderheiten zum größten Teil eingedämmt und in ein demokratisches Konfliktbearbeitungssystem eingebettet werden konnten. Weiterhin ist es als Erfolg zu bewerten, dass nationalistische Parteien und ethnisch motivierte Politik nur eine geringe Rolle (im Gegensatz zu den meisten anderen Ländern Südosteuropas) spielen. Diese Tendenz hat die Parlamentswahl vom Juni 2001 eindrucksvoll bestätigt. Der vorliegende Beitrag rekonstruiert die Entwicklung der nationalen und nationalistischen Parteien im Demokratisierungsprozeß nach 1989, um auf dieser Grundlage die Minderheitenpolitik der kommunistische bulgarischen Partei vor 1989 zu behandeln. Insgesamt stellt Bulgarien ein Modell für den Balkan dar, wie die Überwindung einer "Ethnifizierung" der Politik nach dem Systemwechsel erfolgreich bewerkstelligt werden kann. (ICA)

The success of energy efficiency projects is often reported on an anecdotal basis relying on successful case studies. That information is important, in particular to show technological progress. Still, those highlight projects do not represent the vast majority of energy efficiency projects implemented by the market. Within the publicly available database DEEP, technological and economic data from over 10,000 energy efficiency projects has been collected by a project consortium on behalf of the European Commission. Half of them are production related industry projects. The other half comprises building projects of which a third has been implemented in the industry, too. The database covers projects from the European Union as well as the United States. In our paper, we will present an analysis of the industrial projects in the DEEP database, showing payback, avoidance costs and savings of the implemented energy efficiency measures. We will consider influencing factors such as company size, sector, type of measure and country. With our analysis, we can show in detail that cost-efficient measures exist for a broad technological scope.

The Nordic region attracts an increasing level of significant investments in new data centres. This seems to be no coincidence as the Nordics scores comparatively higher on factors such as "Reliable power supply", "Low energy prices", "Political stability", "Faster time-to-market" and "Abundance of energy and other resources" compared to more traditional European data centre regions. All factors that are deemed most important by data centre investors. This report estimates that the Nordics by 2025 could attract annual data centre construction investments in the order of EUR 2-4.3 bn. by 2025. This is based on the forecast of the future demand worldwide for data centre services – as well as the strong value proposition of the Nordic countries towards large datacenter investments.

The Nordic region is jointly in an excellent position to deploy innovative technologies due to ambitious energy and climate policy goals, as well as extensive research programs. This is illustrated by the numerous activities taking place and the vast industrial interest in these emerging solutions. In fact, the Nordic governments are working closely with private actors to boost the introduction of low-carbon solution and the inclusive process undertaken by many Nordic countries also ensures prudent policies. This report has mapped the strengths of the Nordic countries and has also highlighted the promising synergies between their efforts. Building on this identification, the report concludes with recommendations and remarks on national, Nordic and international level – which have the potential to further unlock large-scale deployment of hydrogen, electrofuels, CCUS in the Nordic region.