Does Campaign Spending Work?: Field Experiments Provide Evidence and Suggest New Theory
In: American Behavioral Scientist, Band 47, Heft 5, S. 541-574
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In: American Behavioral Scientist, Band 47, Heft 5, S. 541-574
SSRN
In: Quarterly journal of political science: QJPS, Band 3, Heft 3, S. 313-326
ISSN: 1554-0634
In: American political science review, Band 92, Heft 2, S. 401-411
ISSN: 1537-5943
To examine the traditional view that challenger spending is more effective than incumbent spending, I reestimate the effects of spending using instrumental variables that affect a candidate's ability to raise campaign funds, such as candidate wealth levels. When the endogeneity of candidate spending levels is properly taken into account, the marginal effects of incumbent and challenger spending are roughly equal. In contrast to previous research showing that, because of higher marginal returns to challenger spending, the incumbent's spending advantage cannot explain high incumbent reelection rates, this article shows that in an average Senate election the incumbent's spending advantage yields a 6% increase in the incumbent's vote share. That incumbent spending wins elections has direct implications regarding the consequences of campaign finance reform. My findings imply that equalizing spending levels may significantly increase incumbent defeat rates, and caps on candidate spending may improve the chances of challengers.
In: American political science review, Band 92, Heft 2, S. 401-412
ISSN: 0003-0554
In: The journal of politics: JOP, Band 58, Heft 3, S. 831-845
ISSN: 1468-2508
In: The journal of politics: JOP, Band 58, Heft 3, S. 831-845
ISSN: 0022-3816
In: The journal of politics: JOP, Band 58, S. 831-845
ISSN: 0022-3816
Implications for the Democratic party of the tendency of African American Democratic legislators to have longer careers in the House than other legislators.
In: Canadian journal of political science: CJPS = Revue canadienne de science politique, Band 55, Heft 1, S. 246-248
ISSN: 1744-9324
In: American political science review, Band 104, Heft 4, S. 720-744
ISSN: 0003-0554
World Affairs Online
In: American behavioral scientist: ABS, Band 47, Heft 5, S. 541-574
ISSN: 1552-3381
This article reports the results of several field experiments designed to measure campaign effects in partisan contests. The findings suggest incumbent campaigns failed to increase incumbent vote share, whereas the challenger campaign was effective. To understand these and other results, the incumbent's optimal spending strategy was analyzed theoretically. The analysis reveals that if incumbents maximize their probability of victory rather than vote share, campaigns by typical incumbents are expected to produce only minimal improvement in incumbent vote share. The analysis also explains how returns to campaign spending vary with the competitiveness of the election, how incumbent spending can improve the incumbent's probability of victory yet have only minimal effect on incumbent vote share, and why rational spending plans might decrease the sponsor's expected vote. This article demonstrates the wide scope of application for field experiments and provides an example of how experimental findings can serve as a catalyst for generating theories.
In: American behavioral scientist: ABS, Band 47, Heft 5, S. 541-574
ISSN: 0002-7642
In: California Journal of Politics and Policy, Band 3, Heft 4
In: California Journal of Politics and Policy, Band 3, Heft 4
In: The Journal of Politics, 2009
SSRN
In: American Journal of Political Science, Band 54, Heft 1, S. 153-173
SSRN