Suchergebnisse

"Der Beitrag betrachtet Vorurteile, Differenzierung und Diskriminierung aus sozialpsychologischer Perspektive. Nach der Definition von verschiedenen Grundkonzepten werden Theorien zur Erklärung dieser Phänomene dargestellt." (Autorenreferat)

Kommunikationspsychologie befasst sich mit der Kommunikation zwischen unterschiedlich komplexen personalen und sozialen Systemen. Das Lehrbuch behandelt die individuellen Voraussetzungen der interpersonalen Kommunikation, die Kommunikation zwischen zwei oder mehreren einzelnen Personen, die Kommunikation innerhalb von Gruppen (Gruppenkommunikation), die Kommunikation zwischen Gruppen (Intergruppen-Kommunikation) sowie die interkulturelle Kommunikation aus psychologischer Perspektive. Insgesamt ist die Struktur der ?Einführung in die Kommunikationspsychologie? von Wolfgang Frindte ausgiebig erweitert, z.B. durch Social-Media-Kommunikation, und durch hilfreiche didaktische Elemente veranschaulicht worden. (Verlagstext)

Prejudice towards and discrimination of migrants are serious problems in our modern, globalised world. In the present doctoral thesis it was studied how negative attitudes of citizens towards asylum seekers relate to contact experiences, feelings of threat and acculturation orientations. A longitudinal field study with two measurement points was conducted with the German inhabitants (N = 70) of a neighbourhood where an asylum seekers refuge was soon to be opened. Directly before and six months after the opening of the refuge the attitudes (i.e., prejudice, negative emotions and discrimination intentions) of the locals towards the asylum seekers (and their contact experiences) were assessed with questionnaires. Several theoretical backgrounds were used for this study. First, drawing on theories from contact research, effects of three different kinds of contact were hypothesised. Improvements of attitudes towards migrants through mere contact (mere presence of the newcomers), personal contact (own contact experiences) and extended contact (knowledge of neighbours' contact experiences) were analysed and compared. Secondly, perceptions of realistic and symbolic intergroup threat were related to outgroup attitudes. While some theories take stable personality traits (such as Authoritarianism or prejudice) as causal predictors of threat perceptions, other theories, such as the Integrated Threat Model, take threat perceptions as causal antecedents of prejudice.

Prejudice towards and discrimination of migrants are serious problems in our modern, globalised world. In the present doctoral thesis it was studied how negative attitudes of citizens towards asylum seekers relate to contact experiences, feelings of threat and acculturation orientations. A longitudinal field study with two measurement points was conducted with the German inhabitants (N = 70) of a neighbourhood where an asylum seekers refuge was soon to be opened. Directly before and six months after the opening of the refuge the attitudes (i.e., prejudice, negative emotions and discrimination intentions) of the locals towards the asylum seekers (and their contact experiences) were assessed with questionnaires. Several theoretical backgrounds were used for this study. First, drawing on theories from contact research, effects of three different kinds of contact were hypothesised. Improvements of attitudes towards migrants through mere contact (mere presence of the newcomers), personal contact (own contact experiences) and extended contact (knowledge of neighbours' contact experiences) were analysed and compared. Secondly, perceptions of realistic and symbolic intergroup threat were related to outgroup attitudes. While some theories take stable personality traits (such as Authoritarianism or prejudice) as causal predictors of threat perceptions, other theories, such as the Integrated Threat Model, take threat perceptions as causal antecedents of prejudice.

This article investigates the links between religious beliefs and capitalist mentalities—namely devoutness to Islam and hierarchic self-interest (HSI)—and violence-accepting attitudes among the young Muslim migrant population in Germany. Following a situational perspective, these links are analyzed under different individual conditions structured by (socioeconomic) precariousness and education. Based on framing approaches and concepts from socialization theory, we derive the following hypothesis: The links between religious beliefs and capitalist mentalities and the attitudinal acceptance of violence are stronger among individuals with low levels of education and a precarious economic status (compared to high education/non-precarious status). The strongest link is expected for a negative status inconsistency (high education/precarious economic status). Structural equation models for data from a random probability sample of 350 Muslims (aged 14–32 years) in Germany indicate that attitudinal acceptance of violence among young Muslims is not predicted by devoutness to Islam but by economic precariousness and by acceptance of capitalist values of the HSI belief system.

This article investigates the links between religious beliefs and capitalist mentalities—namely devoutness to Islam and hierarchic self‐interest (HSI)—and violence‐accepting attitudes among the young Muslim migrant population in Germany. Following a situational perspective, these links are analyzed under different individual conditions structured by (socioeconomic) precariousness and education. Based on framing approaches and concepts from socialization theory, we derive the following hypothesis: The links between religious beliefs and capitalist mentalities and the attitudinal acceptance of violence are stronger among individuals with low levels of education and a precarious economic status (compared to high education/nonprecarious status). The strongest link is expected for a negative status inconsistency (high education/precarious economic status). Structural equation models for data from a random probability sample of 350 Muslims (aged 14–32 years) in Germany indicate that attitudinal acceptance of violence among young Muslims is not predicted by devoutness to Islam but by economic precariousness and by acceptance of capitalist values of the HSI belief system.

Das Buch stützt sich auf die 27. Jahrestagung Friedenspsychologie, die im Juni 2014 unter dem Titel "Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund, Rechtsextremismus und aktuelle Beiträge der Friedenspsychologie" in Jena stattfand. Um die Debatten weiterzuführen, liefern die Buchbeiträge nun neue Argumente. Neue Ansätze in der Rechtsextremismusforschung werden präsentiert, die öffentlichen Debatten und Kontroversen um den "Nationalsozialistischen Untergrund" (NSU) diskutiert und Präventions- und Interventionsansätze vorgestellt. Der Inhalt · Überblick über Entwicklungslinien der Rechtsextremismusforschung von 1990 bis 2013 · Unschärfen, Befunde und Perspektiven · "Nationalsozialistischer Untergrund" · Gesellschaftliche Reaktionen · Prävention und Intervention Die Zielgruppen · Politik-, Sozial- und GeschichtswissenschaftlerInnen · JournalistInnen und PolitikerInnen Die HerausgeberInnen Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Frindte leitet die Abteilung Kommunikationspsychologie am Institut für Kommunikationswissenschaft an der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena. Dr. Daniel Geschke ist wissenschaftlicher Mitarbeiter der Servicestelle LehreLernen der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena. Dr. Nicole Haußecker ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin in der Abteilung Kommunikationspsychologie am Institut für Kommunikationswissenschaft der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena. Franziska Schmidtke ist Koordinatorin des Kompetenzzentrum Rechtsextremismus an der Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena und lehrt am dortigen Institut für Soziologie

Das Thema Homophobie geriet seit 2012 verstärkt in das Interesse der Medien. Ursachen waren u.a. die Erlassung homophober Gesetze in Russland, Outings von prominenten Persönlichkeiten wie Fußballspieler und Politiker oder die in Frankreich auftretenden Massendemonstrationen zur Verhinderung der gleichgeschlechtlichen Ehe. Durch das kürzlich stattfindende Attentat in einem beliebten Club der LGBT-Community in Orlando ist das Thema präsenter denn je. Neben Untersuchungen, die aufdecken, welchen Vorurteilen Menschen mit einer homosexuellen Ausrichtung ausgesetzt sind und wie sich diese im Alltag der Betroffenen niederschlagen, suchen vermehrt Studien nach den Gründen dieser Vorurteile. Die vorliegende Arbeit bedient sich dazu etablierter Konzepte aus der Vorurteilsforschung, um diese in einen Zusammenhang mit homophoben Einstellungen und Verhaltensweisen zu bringen. Mithilfe einer Online-Befragung von 249 heterosexuellen Teilnehmern wurde der Einfluss von rechtsgerichteten Autoritarismus (RWA), sozialer Dominanzorientierung (SDO) und sozialer Identität (SI) auf homophobe Einstellungen ermittelt. Es konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass die untersuchten Variablen negativ auf die Einstellungen der Untersuchungsteilnehmer gegenüber Schwulen und Lesben wirken. Gleichzeitig wurde die Mediatorrolle der sozialen Identität als Identifikation mit der eigenen heterosexuellen Orientierung getestet und nachgewiesen, dass diese als Mediator zwischen RWA, SDO und homophoben Einstellungen fungiert. English AbstractSince 2012, the issue of homophobia has attracted increasing media interest. The causes were, among other things, the enactment of homophobic laws in Russia, outings of prominent personalities such as soccer players and politicians or mass demonstrations in France to prevent same-sex marriage. The recent terror attack on a night club popular with the LGBT community in Orlando has made the issue more present than ever. In addition to studies that reveal the prejudices people with a homosexual orientation are exposed to and how these prejudices are reflected in the everyday lives of those affected, studies are increasingly looking for the reasons for these prejudices. The present work uses established concepts from prejudice research in order to connect them with homophobic attitudes and behavioural patterns. An online survey of 249 heterosexual participants was used to determine the influence of right-wing authoritarianism (RWA), social dominance orientation (SDO) and social identity (SI) on homophobic attitudes. It was shown that the variables studied have a negative effect on the attitudes of the participants to gays and lesbians. At the same time, the mediator role of social identity as an identification with one's own heterosexual orientation was tested and proved that it indeed functions as a mediator between RWA, SDO and homophobic attitudes. The article was written in German.