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Abstract
Existing research across the diverse field(s) of 'discourse studies' has started to explore the communicative
orders and sequential practices surrounding emoji use (Skovholt, Grønning and Kankaanranta
2014; Herring and Dainas 2017; Gibson,
Huang and Yu 2018; Sampietro 2019). However, researchers have not yet
systematically analysed one of the demonstrable phenomena of emoji, which is their ambiguity as meaning-making devices (Miller et al. 2016; Jaeger et al. 2017). This
study draws on Conversation Analysis to explore the issue of ambiguity in the use of one particular type of emoji, the wink (e.g.,
😉, 🥴, 😜). Drawing on a data corpus of text conversations in Danish and in Spanish by users of the dating app 'Tinder', the
analysis explores the phenomena of ambiguity in relation to the practice of flirting. The paper highlights four possible sources
of ambiguity: idiosyncratic use, semiotic references, sequential placement, and relationship to ambiguous textual actions. The
paper ends with reflections on possible future areas of research in the study of emoji and communication.

This article explores the use of fiction as a mode of representing data in social research. I show that three of the key drivers for fictionalising research accounts relate to the ambitions of aesthetic engagement, verisimilitude and user engagement. I look at the different ways that authors have attempted to achieve these ambitions and the methodological tensions that arise from them. I show that contemporary evaluative criteria in qualitative inquiry helps us to understand that fictional reporting is an important tool for researchers in creating more affective writing. However, there are divergences in how researchers conceive of and use fictional accounts, which highlight the importance of continued debate about the methodological practices of its use. In order to contribute to these debates I point to three areas that need particular consideration for researchers working in this area: (1) the structures of academic publishing and their embodiment in university audit regimes; (2) the absence of engagement with alternative forms of writing in academic professional development and training; and (3) the substantial ethical dilemmas in the use of fictional accounts.

Este artículo aborda los temas metodológicos involucrados al tratar la "cultura" y la "interculturalidad" como fenómenos interactivamente observables y demostrables en el discurso escrito asincrónico. En particular, explora las formas en que el análisis de conversación (AC) y su foco en la secuencialidad y el análisis de categorización de membresía pueden ayudar al análisis de la cultura como una realización interactiva textual. Se argumenta que, aunque hay algunas claras diferencias entre el habla secuencial y el discurso escrito asincrónico, hay todavía formas interesantes en las que los focos analíticos del AC pueden aplicarse al discurso en línea. Tanto la preocupación en torno a la secuencialidad y al análisis de categorización de membresía pueden ayudarnos bien a mirar como la construcción de prácticas de discurso intercultural visibles y reconocibles se realizan a través de modos escritos en los foros en línea.

Recent critics of unequal exchange have argued that not only does the theory critically depend upon the unrealistic assumption of complete speciali zation (no nonspecific commodities) but also that unequal exchange tends to be self-cancelling and empirically insignificant. Each of these criticisms is examined and found to be lacking. The theory is first extricated from the confusing and ir relevant environment of the labor theory of value and a price-denominated fun damental theorem is stated and proved. Unequal exchange is then generalized to account for nonspecifics in a logically consistent way. Though the fundamental theorem does not hold for nonspecifics, a numerical example in which surplus is transferred shows that any criticism of unequal exchange based on its alleged in ability to handle nonspecifics must be empirical in nature rather than logical. It is next shown that while unequal exchange may indeed disappear in the long run for a variety of reasons, nothing in the theory itself implies that it is necessarily self- cancelling. It is argued that capitalists are not attracted to the periphery by low wages but by high profits which depend upon transportation costs and nontraded goods as much as low wages. Finally a 67-sector model of world trade is intro duced in an attempt to assess the empirical relevance of unequal exchange. It is shown that some 38% of the value of peripheral exports is required to equalize the rate of profit under existing wage differentials.

Cover -- Contents -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1 Vices, trifles and illusions -- Problematising works -- Barbarous times in the Zibaldone -- The general spirit of the age in the Operette -- Exonerating humanity -- 2 Dreams and vision -- A philosophy that aims to cure in the Canti -- The property of works of genius: Should laughter or pity prevail? -- The limits of Leopardi's thought -- Resignifying Leopardi today -- Conclusion: Planetary solidarity -- Afterword -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

This updated introduction to business ethics offers a clear and accessible framework for understanding the important and complex ethical issues facing business in the contemporary world. Kevin Gibson explains ethical concepts in plain language, showing how terms such as responsibility, autonomy, justice, equality, rights, and beneficence are central to the ways in which business is and should be conducted. He provides numerous examples and discusses cases including VW, Wells Fargo, the Boeing 737 Max, and the exploitation of rare earth minerals, and he pays special attention to recent and emerging issues such as the gig economy, internet commerce, racial and gender justice, and concerns about the impact of business on global climate change. His lively and comprehensive book will give readers the tools to identify and understand a range of problematic ethical issues that affect us all.