Suchergebnisse

Illegitimacy, Family, and Stigma is the first full-length exploration of what it was like to be illegitimate in eighteenth-century England. In a major reframing of assumptions that illegitimacy was experienced only among the poor, this book tells the stories of individuals from across the socio-economic scale, including children of royalty, middling physicians and lawyers, alongside servants and agricultural labourers. Using the words of illegitimate individuals and their families preserved in letters, diaries, and poor relief and court documents, this book reveals the impact of illegitimacy across the life cycle. How did illegitimacy affect children's early years, and their relationships with parents, siblings, and wider family as they grew up? Did illegitimacy limit education, occupation, or marriage chances? What were individuals' experiences of shame and stigma, and how did being illegitimate affect their sense of identity? This book investigates the circumstances that governed families' responses, from love and pragmatic acceptance to secrecy and exclusion.

Historians of marriage have long debated an individual choice versus kin-based marriage strategy, emphasizing financial gain, patronage, and political alliance as the primary goals of kin. This article challenges the dominance of a Protestant evidence base and a failure to recognize religious motivations in the history of marriage. Examining a Catholic recusant family, it argues that the preservation of Catholicism was a primary imperative that increased kin control over marriage. Marriage was utilized as part of a survival strategy, in response to the chronic insecurity faced by the English elite Catholic community in this period.