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Stanley Milgram's obedience experiments are among the most influential and controversial scientific studies ever conducted. The experiments are commonly understood to have shown how easily people can be led into harming another person, simply as a result of following orders. Recently, however, Milgram's studies have been subjected to a sustained critique and re-evaluation. This book draws on the vast stock of audio recordings from Milgram's experiments to reveal how these experiments can be understood as occasions for argumentation and rhetoric, rather than showing how passive subjects can be led into simply doing as they are told. In doing so, it reconsiders what we understand by 'obedience' and extends how social psychologists have understood rhetoric itself.

The enlargement of the European Union in 2004 gave rise to moral panics concerning the likelihood of mass migration from the new eastern European member states to established member states in the west. A great deal of social and political science research has examined the ongoing impact of the enlargement, but there remains a gap in the literature regarding the ways in which members of 'receiving' populations reacted to these changes. The present paper reports findings from a qualitative interview study of 14-16 year-olds conducted in northern England. It focuses on how migrants from one particular country – Poland – were constructed by participants. Drawing on previous analyses of immigration and racist discourse, the study points to some ways in which Polish migrants and migration were constructed, and how complaints against 'the Polish' were formulated. The analysis focusses on four key issues: employment and the economy; language and culture; threat and intimidation; and physical stereotyping. It is suggested that constructions of 'the Polish' draw on the tropes of both 'old' and 'new' racism, and that attention to the use of deixical ingroup referents ('us', 'we', 'our') in contrast to the explicit labelling of the outgroup ('the Polish') can be understood in terms of the requirement to present complaints concerning migrant groups via appeals to assumed universal standards of behaviour and civility.

The enlargement of the European Union in 2004 gave rise to moral panics concerning the likelihood of mass migration from the new eastern European member states to established member states in the west. A great deal of social and political science research has examined the ongoing impact of the enlargement, but there remains a gap in the literature regarding the ways in which members of 'receiving' populations reacted to these changes. The present paper reports findings from a qualitative interview study of 14-16 year-olds conducted in northern England. It focuses on how migrants from one particular country – Poland – were constructed by participants. Drawing on previous analyses of immigration and racist discourse, the study points to some ways in which Polish migrants and migration were constructed, and how complaints against 'the Polish' were formulated. The analysis focusses on four key issues: employment and the economy; language and culture; threat and intimidation; and physical stereotyping. It is suggested that constructions of 'the Polish' draw on the tropes of both 'old' and 'new' racism, and that attention to the use of deixical ingroup referents ('us', 'we', 'our') in contrast to the explicit labelling of the outgroup ('the Polish') can be understood in terms of the requirement to present complaints concerning migrant groups via appeals to assumed universal standards of behaviour and civility. ; peerReviewed ; publishedVersion

The enlargement of the European Union in 2004 gave rise to moral panics concerning the likelihood of mass migration from the new eastern European member states to established member states in the west. A great deal of social and political science research has examined the ongoing impact of the enlargement, but there remains a gap in the literature regarding the ways in which members of 'receiving' populations reacted to these changes. The present paper reports findings from a qualitative interview study of 14-16 year-olds conducted in northern England. It focuses on how migrants from one particular country – Poland – were constructed by participants. Drawing on previous analyses of immigration and racist discourse, the study points to some ways in which Polish migrants and migration were constructed, and how complaints against 'the Polish' were formulated. The analysis focusses on four key issues: employment and the economy; language and culture; threat and intimidation; and physical stereotyping. It is suggested that constructions of 'the Polish' draw on the tropes of both 'old' and 'new' racism, and that attention to the use of deixical ingroup referents ('us', 'we', 'our') in contrast to the explicit labelling of the outgroup ('the Polish') can be understood in terms of the requirement to present complaints concerning migrant groups via appeals to assumed universal standards of behaviour and civility.

This paper will look at Dadaist tendencies in game art projects such as Wafaa Bilal's Virtual Jihadi and the author's collaborative project Grand Theft Bicycle. The focus will be on how certain game art projects borrow from popular games such as Grand Theft Auto and Quake, and invert/subvert the meaning of the originals by 'modding' aspects of the original world (i.e. the characters, the sounds, the basic concept), while leaving much of the source (i.e. the background textures, the AI) intact. This paper argues that the game art mod is a digital descendent of the Dadaist ready-made. More specifically the paper will look at the particular Dadaist-inspired absurdities in Grand Theft Bicycle (GTB), such as the use of an aerobic-style bicycle to engage in a political battle with world leaders within a vacuous game environment.

This first-of-its-kind volume brings discursive psychology and peace psychology together in a compelling practical synthesis. An array of internationally-recognised contributors examine multiple dimensions of discourse-official and casual, speech, rhetoric, and text-in creating and maintaining conflict and building mediation and reconciliation. Examples of strategies for dealing with longstanding conflicts (the Middle East), significant flashpoints (the Charlie Hebdo case), and current heated disputes (the refugee 'crisis' in Europe) demonstrate discursive methods in context as they bridge theory with real life. This diversity of subject matter is matched by the range of discursive approaches applied to peace psychology concepts, methods, and practice. Among the topics covered: Discursive approaches to violence against women. The American gun control debate: a discursive analysis. Constructing peace and violence in the Palestinian-Israeli conflict. Discursive psychological research on refugees. Citizenship, social injustice, and the quest for a critical social psychology of peace. The emotional and political power of images of suffering: discursive psychology and the study of visual rhetoric. Discourse, Peace, and Conflict offers expansive ideas to scholars and practitioners in peace psychology, as well as those in related areas such as social psychology, political psychology, and community psychology with an interest in issues pertaining to peace and conflict

The material for this section is compiled by Stephen L. Gibson, attorney in the Office of the Legal Adviser, Department of State.

Machine generated contents note: -- Introduction: Representations of Peace and Conflict; S.Gibson & S.Mollan -- PART II: PEACE MOVEMENTS AND RESISTANCE -- Peace Now or Never? Images of Peace in Israel; J.Simons -- The Return of the 'conchie': Newspaper Representations of Conscientious Objectors and Pacifists in World War II; J.Tulloch -- What's going on: Anti-war and Pro-war Hits on the Billboard Singles Charts during the Vietnam War Era (1965-1975) and the 'War on Terror' (2001-2010); J.Stewart -- 'Quakers in khaki': Conscientious Objectors' Resistance to Uniform Clothing in First World War Britain; J.Tynan -- PART II: MILITARIES AND MILITARIZATION -- Soldiers' Photographic Representations of Participation in Armed Conflict; R.Woodward & K.N.Jenkings -- Exploring Representations of the Soldier as Victim: From Northern Ireland to Iraq; R.McGarry & N.Ferguson -- Supporting the Troops, Serving the Country: Rhetorical Commonplaces in the Representation of Military Service; S.Gibson -- PART III: PSYCHOLOGICAL DIMENSIONS -- Make (?) not war! Are the Social Representations of Peace and War Antonyms?; M.Sarrica & J.Wachelke -- 'Unexpected' and 'inclusive' Social Identities in Intractable Conflict: The Case of Northern Ireland; R.D.Lowe & O.Muldoon -- PART IV: RELIGIOUS DIMENSIONS -- Representing 'religious violence': Understanding the Role of Religion as Simplifier and Magnifier of Violent Conflict; L.van Liere -- The Sacred Icon: Confronting the Anthropocentrism of a Secularized World; P.Kollontai -- PART V: MEMORY AND MEMORIALIZATION -- The Representation of Conflict in Modern Memory Work; N.Young -- War and Peace in the Cloakroom: The Controversy over the Memorial to the Women of World War II; C.Peniston-Bird -- Representing Apartheid Trauma: The Archive of the TRC Victim Hearings; A.Verdoolaege

This wide-ranging multidisciplinary collection highlights the centrality of representations for the study of peace and conflict. Its analysis covers topics as diverse as British soldiers' photographic records, social identity in Northern Ireland; memory work; the South African Truth & Reconciliation Commission; the London memorial to the Women of World War II and protest songs in the popular music charts. These studies are written by an array of internationally influential authors, as well as emerging scholars, from a range of social science and humanities disciplines including cultural studies; geography; history; linguistics; media studies; peace studies; religious studies and social psychology. This rich and varied volume constitutes a timely engagement with matters pertaining to how peace and conflict are represented in many unique forms.

Social scientists frequently use the iconic figure of the soldier who fights and dies for the nation to exemplify the power of processes of national identification. However, little work has considered how soldiers themselves orient to the possibility of being motivated by a desire to 'serve the country'. The present study explored this through a series of interviews with members of the British Army and Territorial Army. Although in explicit talk about 'the country' the soldiers typically downplayed the importance of 'serving the country' as motivation, in discussing the prospect of a European army the national basis of armies was taken for granted. The findings are discussed in terms of the problematic nature of displays of English 'patriotism' or 'pride'. It is argued that the relationship between national identity and military service, often assumed to be straightforward in social scientific texts, is oriented to as a delicate issue by soldiers themselves.