Suchergebnisse

AbstractRainfall–runoff events occurring in vineyard fields can result in pesticide ground losses and the subsequent pollution of surface water bodies, derivate from the crop protection spray applications. In this study, the capacity of vegetated buffer strips (BS) to prevent surface water pollution due to the application of five fungicide products typically used in vineyards (copper, dimethomorph, oxathiapiprolin, zoxamide, acibenzolar-s-methyl, and laminarin) following a simulated run-off event has been assessed, and compared to that from a bare ground soil (BG). Two strips (5 m in length, each), one with vegetation and the other without were built up, and two different experiments were performed, a runoff event and a soil fungicide degradation kinetic evaluation. The runoff results show that fungicide mass retention in the strips ranged from 73 to 98% and that the presence of vegetation in BS increased the fungicide mass retention in the strips by almost 10% (on average) in comparison to the unvegetated strip. Moreover, soil degradation studies highlighted that the presence of vegetation reduces significantly the half-time life of almost all the studied fungicides by 55%, on average. Eight fungicide transformation products (TPs) were identified following a runoff event in the soil strips, but the abundance of these TPs was up to 78% lower in vegetated strips. These results highlight the effectiveness of using vegetated buffer zones in vineyards to protect aquatic ecosystem pollution.

Este artículo presenta las ventajas y oportunidades que la sociología puede aportar a la planificación del turismo. Se ha tomado como caso, el diagnóstico del sector turístico residencial del municipio alicantino de Torrevieja. A partir de los presupuestos axiológicos de los estudios críticos en turismo, con una ontología constructivista y una epistemología apalancada en la ciencia posnormal que implica el uso de métodos participativos, se ha seleccionado la técnica de los mapas causales colaborativos para identificar la red causal de problemas que aquejan a este sector. Las principales conclusiones de esta investigación son la estabilidad del modelo turístico a pesar de sus cíclicas crisis, la raíz política de los problemas por la corrupción urbanística y la hegemonía del sector turístico residencial y como consecuencia una morfología urbana fragmentada y sin identidad. ; This article presents the benefits and opportunities that sociology can contribute to tourism planning. The diagnosis of the residential tourism sector of Torrevieja (Spain- Costa Blanca) is the case for study. The technique of collaborative causal maps has been selected because it fits into the axiological assumptions of critical studies, the constructivist ontology and the post-normal science epistemology. These maps are used to identify the causal network of problems that affect tourism. The main conclusions of this research are the stability of the tourism model despite its cyclical crises, the political root of the problems due to urban corruption and the hegemony of the residential tourism sector and as a consequence a fragmented urban morphology without identity.