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Shortly after the bombing of Pearl Harbor in December of 1941, the American government impressed upon the media industry and corporate advertising the cooperative need to boost morale and enlist nationalist support for the war effort. Public opinion was shaped through an active campaign of visual propaganda and media censorship in which the social trauma of war, in particular, representations of death and destructive disorder, was erased from official news reports. However, avant-garde art and writing in View magazine during the early 1940s can be analyzed as a radical form of counter-discourse that challenged the media&rsquo ; s representation of the war. View had been founded in 1940 by the poet Charles Henri Ford, who vowed to create a magazine devoted to what he called the &ldquo ; new journalism&rdquo ; a form of international reporting by poets and visual artists that would provide visionary critical insight on the forthcoming political catastrophe in Europe. Lacking their own publishing forum, a number of Surrealist é ; migré ; s and American adherents of Surrealism gravitated towards View. As this article will examine, Surrealist imagery and prose in View evoked a profound sense of the bodily trauma and physical destruction omitted from mass media, subverting the government&rsquo ; s highly sanitized and ideologically manipulated representations of World War II.

Generalising about urban governance and the urban poor across most of the globe is unhelpful. Unfortunately, I see far too many current examples of that disease. Latin America is not China and is most certainly not like most of Africa or the Indian subcontinent. A recent paper in this journal argued that every city in the South suffers from poor and corrupt management. While accepting that such a diagnosis is true of too many cities, this paper offers an antidote. It explains how Bogota, Colombia, was transformed from a bankrupt and excessively politicised city into one that is quite well run. Unfortunately, Bogota´ also demonstrates that progress follows an uncertain path and corruption reappeared in spectacular form when the electorate voted in a dishonest mayor. If Bogota´ is no longer quite the model of competent management it once was, it demonstrates that decent government is possible in the South. That is a vital ingredient if the quality of life of poor people is to improve.

REALISTS HAVE ENVISIONED INTERNATIONAL POLITICS AS A REALM OF POWER CLASHES, CHARACTERIZED BY STATE INTERESTS, YET IN INTERNATIONAL POLITICAL THEORY, A DEMOCRATIC INTERNATIONALIST CRITIQUE OF REALISM REGISTERS THE LONG-TERM EROSION OF THE JUSTIFICATION OF CONQUEST. THIS ARTICLE OFFERS A BRIEF VIEW OF THE HISTORY, SUBSTANCE, AND MOTIVATIONS OF DEMOCRATIC INTERNATIONALISM. IT SUGGESTS THAT THE SELF-REFUTINGNESS OF OFFICIAL REALISM YIELDS AN IMPORTANT EXPLANATORY ADVANTAGE TO DEMOCRATIC INTERNATIONALIST ALTERNATIVES. THE ARTICLE CONCLUDES THAT REALISTS MAY GRANT THAT GREAT POWER RIVALRY SIGNIFICANTLY CORRUPTS DOMESTIC FREEDOM; NEVERTHELESS, THEY INSIST, THE TESTIMONY OF MODERN HISTORY IS THAT IT MUST DO SO.

This study details a fresh vision of social welfare transfers--how they are delivered, and whom they benefit. The authors explore the use of private enterprise and market-oriented approaches to the delivery of social provisions, and examine how welfare benefits are derived from the full range of modern social transfers including tax expenditures, credit subsidies, and those induced by regulatory activity. Reappraising the modern boundaries of social welfare, this book provides insights into the structure and dynamics of a novel social model that will open new avenues for scientific study and public debate.

Studies of the welfare state have formed an important part of public policy research in the USA since World War II. This volume examines and reconsiders the scope of social welfare transfers, how they are delivered, and whom they benefit.

Cadre de recherche : La difficulté
d'investissement du père envers son enfant, surtout après la séparation d'avec la mère,
est un phénomène courant en Haïti. Cette problématique – qui expose les femmes et les
enfants à des conséquences négatives – est peu documentée dans les écrits scientifiques.

Objectif : L'objectif de cet article est de
comprendre la manière dont des pères haïtiens se représentent les entraves possibles au
plein investissement de la paternité en Haïti.
Méthodologie : Un devis qualitatif de recherche
a été employé. À l'aide d'une question d'entame ouverte, la chercheuse a invité les
participants à partager leur expérience subjective de la paternité. Une démarche de
co-construction de sens a été menée avec les sujets de recherche. Onze pères, vivant en
Haïti et n'ayant pas de contacts réguliers avec au moins un de leurs enfants, ont été
rencontrés. Nous avons réalisé deux entretiens (chacun d'une heure et demie) avec
10 participants, ce qui porte le nombre total d'entretiens à 21.
Résultats : Une analyse thématique a révélé
différents obstacles potentiels au plein investissement paternel en Haïti, dont la
difficulté pour le père à prendre sa place au sein d'une configuration familiale
matrifocale, la répétition d'un modèle paternel défaillant, la tendance à adopter des
comportements d'évitement (sous-tendus par des enjeux narcissiques), ainsi que le
désinvestissement psychique de la paternité réelle au profit d'une paternité
imaginée.
Conclusions : Alors que le plein investissement
de leur paternité semble être régulièrement repoussé par les pères rencontrés, l'enfant
demeure présent à travers leurs pensées. La participation des pères à notre recherche
suggère un désir de changement par rapport à la problématique.
Contribution : Outre sa contribution aux écrits
scientifiques, cette étude offre des pistes de recherche pour l'avenir. Des
recommandations concernant l'intervention y sont émises, avec un accent sur la
transformation de l'investissement de la paternité en Haïti.

AbstractAlthough the death rate caused by the COVID-19 pandemic in South Africa has thus far been much lower than initially feared, the economic and social impact has been severe. The country's Jewish community, constituting 0.1% of the population with a median age of 45 years, has not escaped its effects. Organizations and individuals have nonetheless been able to mobilize a rapid and wide-reaching series of responses directed towards those most in need both inside and outside the community. The uniquely coordinated, energetic, and multipronged nature of these responses are attributed to robust communal infrastructure, strong community social capital, and the history of the Jewish community's positioning in post-apartheid South Africa, alongside the perceived importance of health to collective well-being.