Suchergebnisse

In the middle of the campaign for Transylvania's liberation, Consiliul Dirigent (the political structure designated to temporarily govern the province) of Sibiu had decided to support the efforts of the Romanian army and ordered the establishment of a Territorial General Commandment meant to begin recruitment in Transylvania, Banat and within the territories in Hungary inhabited by Romanians, in order to constitute some volunteers' units. Out of their ranks, 6th and 7th Army Corps were established, recruited exclusively from Transylvanians regardless of their nationality. Based on 1st Decree passed by the Consiliul Dirigent of Sibiu, all the former Austro-Hungarian laws, ordinances, regulations and legal statutes issued prior to December 18th1918, when Transylvania was proclaimed independent of Budapest, were kept temporarily in force. Within this context, militaries of the divisions recruited from Transylvanian were subject to military jurisdiction under Austro-Hungarian Military Criminal Code of 1855, whereas Romanian militaries who were under the command of Transylvanian Headquarters were subject to the jurisdiction of Romanian laws, implicitly to the Code of military justice

În plină campanie de eliberare a Transilvaniei, Consiliul Dirigent din Sibiu a hotărât să sprijine efortul armatei române și a dispus înființarea unui Comandament General Teritorial, cu misiunea de a începe recrutarea în Ardeal, în Banat și în ținuturile românești din Ungaria, pentru constituirea unor unități de voluntari. Mai târziu, din rândul acestora, au fost înființate Corpurile 6 și 7 armată, recrutate exclusiv dintre ardeleni, indiferent de naționalitate. În baza Decretului I al Consiliului Dirigent, legile, ordonanțele, regulamentele și statutele legale emise înainte de 18 octombrie 1918, data proclamării independenţei Transilvaniei față de Budapesta, au rămas provizoriu în vigoare. În acest context, militarii diviziilor ardelene erau supuși jurisdicției militare, în baza Codului penal militar austro-ungar din 1855, în timp ce militarii armatei române care acționau sub comanda Comandamentului Trupelor din Transilvania se aflau sub jurisdicția legilor românești, implicit a Codului de justiție militară.

In the middle of the campaign for Transylvania's liberation, Consiliul Dirigent (the political structure designated to temporarily govern the province) of Sibiu had decided to support the efforts of the Romanian army and ordered the establishment of a Territorial General Commandment meant to begin recruitment in Transylvania, Banat and within the territories in Hungary inhabited by Romanians, in order to constitute some volunteers' units. Out of their ranks, 6th and 7th Army Corps were established, recruited exclusively from Transylvanians regardless of their nationality. Based on 1st Decree passed by the Consiliul Dirigent of Sibiu, all the former Austro-Hungarian laws, ordinances, regulations and legal statutes issued prior to December 18th1918, when Transylvania was proclaimed independent of Budapest, were kept temporarily in force. Within this context, militaries of the divisions recruited from Transylvanian were subject to military jurisdiction under Austro-Hungarian Military Criminal Code of 1855, whereas Romanian militaries who were under the command of Transylvanian Headquarters were subject to the jurisdiction of Romanian laws, implicitly to the Code of military justice

"After becoming an independent state, which was followed by the return of Dobruja to the Romanian state, Romania became a littoral country. Therefore, the need arose to create, along with the Danube merchant fleet, a maritime one, with state and private capital, to contribute to the country's budget, by transporting goods not only for domestic needs but also for the needs of other countries or companies. At the same time, it was considered necessary to build a military naval and river fleet to defend the Danube and the Black Sea, which proved useful during the National Reunification War (1916-1920), as well as to provide support for the collective security system existing in the 1930s (Romanian-Polish, Little Entente and Balkan Pact). The development of the state merchant navy in Romania dates back to 1895, when Grigore Manu was given the task of organising a maritime navigation service, an action that got materialised in a law adopted on 7/19 June 1888. The first voyage of a ship operated by the Romanian Maritime Service took place on 14/26 August 1895, when "Medeea" left Brăila for Istanbul, carrying 25 passengers and 600 tons of cargo. A few days later, on 26 August/8 September, "Meteor" made the first voyage with the same destination. Starting on 14/26 September it was to operate regular passenger transport services between Constanța and Istanbul (Ghica, 1939, pp. 149-150; Sambra, Historia)."