Suchergebnisse

Dose administration aid (DAA) usage has become increasingly prevalent among populations worldwide and as such has become an important part of pharmacy practice. The evidence for the use of these aids has been favourable in Australia resulting in 2006 in a community based DAA program being considered by the Australian Government Department of Health and Ageing PPSAC (Professional Programs and Services Advisory Committee) and the first phase of this program implemented in October 2007. The program was established under the Better Community Health Initiative of the 4th Community Pharmacy Agreement between the Pharmacy Guild of Australia and the Commonwealth Government. The aim of this program is to reduce medication-related hospitalisations and adverse events through improved medication management and adherence by people in the community. The most common patient groups that access this service include the elderly, who are often on several different medications, and patients with cognitive disabilities who may have trouble understanding or remembering their dosage regimes.

Sulfate and iron oxide deposits in Río Tinto (Southwestern Spain) are a terrestrial analog of early martian hematite-rich regions. Understanding the distribution and drivers of microbial life in iron-rich environments can give critical clues on how to search for biosignatures on Mars. We simulated a robotic drilling mission searching for signs of life in the martian subsurface, by using a 1m-class planetary prototype drill mounted on a full-scale mockup of NASA's Phoenix and InSight lander platforms. We demonstrated fully automated and aseptic drilling on iron and sulfur rich sediments at the Río Tinto riverbanks, and sample transfer and delivery to sterile containers and analytical instruments. As a ground-truth study, samples were analyzed in the field with the life detector chip immunoassay for searching microbial markers, and then in the laboratory with X-ray diffraction to determine mineralogy, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for lipid composition, isotope-ratio mass spectrometry for isotopic ratios, and 16S/18S rRNA genes sequencing for biodiversity. A ubiquitous presence of microbial biomarkers distributed along the 1m-depth subsurface was influenced by the local mineralogy and geochemistry. The spatial heterogeneity of abiotic variables at local scale highlights the importance of considering drill replicates in future martian drilling missions. The multi-analytical approach provided proof of concept that molecular biomarkers varying in compositional nature, preservation potential, and taxonomic specificity can be recovered from shallow drilling on iron-rich Mars analogues by using an automated life-detection lander prototype, such as the one proposed for NASA's IceBreaker mission proposal. ; Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (MICINN/FEDER) projects No. CGL2015-74254-JIN, ESP2015-69540-R, and RYC-2014-19446; With funding from the Spanish government through the "María de Maeztu Unit of Excellence" accreditation (MDM-2017-0737)