Suchergebnisse

Influence of conventional political cycles, like year in term and year in office, and of individual presidents on government activities in civil rights, 1953-88; US.

This article assesses the degree of representativeness within the state delegations with a measure based on primary election and caucus results, and delegate counts at the 1984 Democratic national convention. The analysis indicates that most state delegations were quite representative of the candidates' relative support within the public. States with the most representative delegations had few uncommitted votes cast in the primary or caucus and used proportional representation systems. The proportion of superdelegates, either pledged or unpledged, did not detract greatly from the representativeness of the state delegations,

The 1979 geographic distribution of community development block grants (CDBGs) across 23 neighborhoods in Milwaukee, Wisc, is analyzed. A comparison of federal, city, & neighborhood allocations in response to local needs suggests that decentralizing decision making to cities improved the effectiveness of need-based funding. The funding decisions of local officials, however, were not always distributed proportionately with respect to need. A mixture of targeting rules & political competition over program decisions is apparent in Milwaukee's allocation of CDBG resources. Together, the two processes guarantee that program targeting can adequately balance Ur need with democratic participation & citizen support. 3 Tables. Modified HA.

Professional reputation, unlike other components of Neustadt's presidential power, has received little scholarly attention. The president's professional reputation is the assessment of his performance in office by the Washington community. According to Neustadt, president's professional reputation can be determined by reviewing judgments of his performance by those who collect, synthesize, and disseminate elite opinion. We measure professional reputation based on the length and valence of nearly 3,600 editorials and opinion-editorials in The New York Times from 1961 to 1992. We compare these measures to previous operationalizations of the concept and test for convergent and discriminant criterion validity. This method provides a valid operationalization of Neustadt's concept of professional reputation, thus allowing for its inclusion in more fully specified models of presidential power.