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This note highlights the critical contribution that social protection can make to a broader disaster recovery effort by helping directly to disaster-affected households. It is intended primarily for those government officials involved in organizing the post-disaster response and recovery effort who may not be familiar with social protection or the contribution it can make as part of their response and recovery plans. It also provides a high-level sensitization to the main social protection programs and their potential uses in response and recovery, including their primary strengths and limitations in post disaster settings. It is hoped that this indicative information can provide the basis and impetus for government officials leading the response and recovery effort to collaborate with their own national social protection ministries, departments and agencies in order to assess the most appropriate contribution that social protection can make in their specific country contexts, and at a much more detailed degree of technical specificity.

The Lao People's Democratic Republic (PDR) is exposed to significant climate and disaster risks. The country's rapid economic development can put more people and assets at risk from natural hazards, if investments in risk reduction, planning, and preparedness are not made. The results of this analysis show that the contribution of hydrometeorological information to socioeconomic development in Lao PDR is expected to be very high, particularly due to the potential benefits for the energy and tourism sectors and their contribution to gross domestic product (GDP). The results of this study support the conclusion that hydromet information is critically important for Lao PDR and that investments in the hydromet sector are expected to be highly profitable from socioeconomic perspective.

The adoption of crowdsourced geographic data, or volunteered geographic information (VGI), as a valuable source of spatial data is growing at all levels of government. VGI is crowdsourced geographic information provided by a wide range of participants with varying levels of education, knowledge and skills. Despite some initial concerns about data quality during early development of VGI approaches, extensive research now demonstrates that the reliability and accuracy of VGI is suitable for official or government use. Such concerns should no longer be a reason for the lack of government adoption of VGI. Nonetheless, significant challenges remain for governments seeking to take full advantage of the benefits that crowdsourcing offer. This research used a case study approach to understand factors that have contributed to the success of government VGI efforts, some of which include supportive organizational or legal contexts, the presence of local champions, and project design elements. This policy brief summarizes the findings of the research report identifying success factors in crowdsourced geographic information use in government produced by the World Bank global facility for disaster reduction and recovery (GFDRR) in partnership with scholars from University College London (UCL). This brief explains the report's context, methodology, main findings and recommendations.

This report addresses the fact that natural disasters have caused vast social upheaval and economic damage to Armenia. This ongoing vulnerability to natural disasters has led Armenia to appreciate the advantages of developing a comprehensive strategy to help minimize ensuing fiscal exposure because the national budget will never be adequate to mitigate, respond, and recover from these recurrent but unavoidable crises. Since the Spitak earthquake, Government has reorganized its emergency management system and established many seismic mitigation activities and created a Ministry of Emergency Situations (MoES) and established a cabinet-level Minister responsible for disaster response. Government may wish to build on these achievements. The report is also based on a study carried out in Armenia under the Global Facility for Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR) project, which analyzed disaster risks, assessed existing systems, mechanisms, and institutional capacities, and made recommendations for developing a comprehensive national disaster reduction and preparedness agenda, which could form the basis for a natural disaster reduction project.

In GFDRR 's track two, mainstreaming disaster risk reduction in development, this lead to a prioritization of operations in 20 core countries, including Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Ghana, Haiti, Indonesia, Kyrgyz Republic, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Marshall Islands, Mozambique, Nepal, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Senegal, Solomon Islands, Togo, Vietnam, and Republic of Yemen. The countries were selected due to their high vulnerability to natural hazards and low economic resilience to cope with disaster impacts including anticipated climate change and variability. Two thirds of the countries are least developed countries and twelve are highly indebted poor countries. Nine are from Africa and several others are Small Island States at high risk. These 20 core countries will receive 80 percent of available funds while 20 percent will be made available for flexible, innovative, high impact grants, such as those that catalyze increased investment programs and integration of disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation in development in any disaster prone country. A multi-stakeholder planning process lays the foundation for the comprehensive national programs for disaster risk reduction and climate change adaptation. The process ensures the facilitation of ownership by governments for their risk. The presented programs are indicative and further dialogue with the Governments and other partners will refine the agendas as the detailed planning and implementation phases start. At the sixth meeting of the GFDRR Consultative Group in Geneva, disaster risk management plans are put forward for 25 out of the 31 priority and donor-earmarked countries. The plans for the six remaining countries of Burkina Faso, Madagascar, Malawi, Mali, Senegal, and Timor-Leste will be submitted at the seventh meeting of the GFDRR Consultative Group since consultations in these countries are still ongoing.

Pakistan is vulnerable to a number of adverse natural events and has experienced a wide range of disasters over the past 40 years, including floods, earthquakes, droughts, cyclones, and tsunamis. The World Bank is supporting the Government of Pakistan (GoP) in building capacity in the area of disaster risk management (DRM) in order to build resilience from both humanitarian and fiscal shocks associated with natural disasters. The World Bank is providing technical assistance to the GoP for the development of a national disaster risk financing strategy. This non-lending technical assistance aims to: (i) assess the fiscal exposure of the GoP to natural disasters; (ii) present options for the development of a national strategy to improve financial response capacity for natural disasters; and (iii) promote property catastrophe risk insurance for both public and private dwellings. Disaster risk financing and insurance (DRFI) is one of the five pillars in the proactive and strategic framework for DRM promoted by the World Bank. The World Bank has been promoting a proactive and strategic framework for DRM based on five pillars: (i) risk identification; (ii) risk reduction; (iii) preparedness; (iv) financial protection; and (v) resilient recovery. Chapter one is introduction. Chapter two presents an overview of the budget processes for the financing of natural disaster losses during each of the three post-disaster phases. Chapter three provides a preliminary financial disaster risk assessment for Pakistan, focusing particularly on the fiscal impact of natural disasters. Chapter four presents an overview of the private catastrophe insurance market; and chapter five reviews the options for future financing of natural disaster recovery and reconstruction expenditures.

A slow-moving tropical depression caused persistent heavy rains in the Solomon Islands between April 1 and 4, 2014. The highest recorded daily rainfall associated with this event was 318mm in Honiara on April 3. The rains caused flash flooding in Honiara, Guadalcanal, Isabel, Malaita, and Makira-Ulawa. More than 732mm of rain was recorded over four days at the Honiara rain gauge, although heavier rainfall was reported inland. On April 5, as the system moved away from the Solomon Islands, it was upgraded to Tropical Cyclone Ita. The Solomon Islands government has worked with the international community, civil society organizations, and other stakeholders to address humanitarian response needs. The government has sought assistance from Pacific humanitarian team personnel (which is led by the United Nations office for the coordination of humanitarian affairs), and has also requested supplies to support response efforts. The methodology used for assessing the effects of a disaster or extreme event proceeds from the bottom up: information about the effects of the event is captured sector by sector, and the data are aggregated to arrive at the event s total effect on society and the economy. The ultimate goal of the assessment is to measure in monetary and social terms the disaster's impact on the society, economy, and environment of the affected country or region.