Suchergebnisse

In the following text I will analyse the selected aspects of economic relations between Poland, Germany and China. I am going to compare elements of discourse with political actions and, above all, with economic realities. Clearly in economic terms, Chinese direction is not an alternative to Germany for Poland, but it may become a necessity in terms of diversification of international economic relations. Particularly in the context of forthcoming electromobility revolution, the crisis could affect the German automobile industry, spilling over into other sectors related to Poland's export. In the medium term, economic processes are likely to be loosely linked to political processes. Poland's interests in the international arena are more related to political integration with Germany than to a strong rapprochement with China. However, the former are unlikely to support Poland's emancipation in independent economic and trade policy. This may result in a two-pronged approach (separation of economic policies from political relations) to relations between the two countries.

The education of national minorities in the People's Republic of China is not a monolithic system, but an extensive network of institutions with varied curricula. China's territorial diversity can be closely linked to different conditions for the development of education, including the minority segment. Additionally, owing to the great diversity of ethnic groups and their political self-organization, it is difficult to comprehensively explore this system in its full complexity. However, this is not properly reflected in the scholarly literature, perhaps because its analysis is in fact possible on a fragmentary basis and during field research. This study is an attempt to fill the gap in research on minority education in China by indicating that, especially in the case of the promoted bilingual education, but also of other education models, there are differences in the praxis of their implementation. This paper presents selected determinants for these processes.

What is Chinese Nation? Changing Narration of Ethnic Relations in Today's China
Since the ancient times the non‑sinitic folks caused fear and were an object of disdain among the Chinese. In the twentieth‑century China the concept of a "nation" has been included in the state doctrine. Last three decades has brought a significant change in policy towards minorities, who had been politically incorporated to a "Chinese Nation". This process was accompanied with an arising of the phenomenon of the "internal orientalism". The idea of the "Chinese Nation" is present not only in the Chinese political thought but also in the education system and pop culture.