Suchergebnisse

Abstract
The "General Crisis of the Seventeenth-Century" as a concept was first applied to Europe, where the Portuguese Restoration of 1640 was one of its most striking episodes, when a national dynasty dethroned a foreign one. Geoffrey Parker extended its use worldwide, having in mind similar events taking place all over the globe, namely in China, where dynastic transition took centre stage. Some parallels can be drawn between the two sides of Eurasia, though sometimes in opposite terms (e.g., while the Braganzas were Portuguese, the Qing were Manchu).
Among the coincidences occurring in both countries during dynastic changes, there is mention to omens and wondrous signs, interpreted as manifestations of something about to change, breaking away from the old established order which had lost some sort of divine assent. By using the writings of the Portuguese Jesuit António de Gouveia (1592/94–1677), namely his letters, some of which unpublished, we will seek to see how he interpreted these signs and dynastic change in China, while his own country (Portugal) was going through a similar process. We will make use of materials dating from 1636 to the 1650s, to see what kind of parallelisms Gouveia draws between the Chinese seventeenth-century crisis and the Portuguese case, and how he depicts and characterises the events occurring in China.

Chromatic language emerges throughout history and nature, an unquestionable way of communication for individual or collective identification. The color can be a code that illustrates political and social ideologies and realities. Color is influenced by the light and the light is a moment of vivacity or seriousness, emerging and hiding areas, objects, creating real or fantastic environments. The misinterpretation of some professionals towards this reality is surpassed by many studies and experiments, demonstrating the correlation between light, texture and color and the power of each one towards human response and behavior. Several social housing within Lisbon's periphery is performed with strong chromatic schemes, which achieve the discontinuity of the urban tissue, by the stigmatization of communities, morphologies, typologies and population. Beware!!!

Os estudos reunidos nesta obra constituem um contributo importante para o alargamento do conhecimento das relações interculturais estabelecidas entre a Europa, nomeadamente Portugal, e a China, durante os séculos XVII e XVIII. Os treze textos revelam aspectos pouco conhecidos sobre arquivos e materiais e trazem à luz um conjunto de fundos documentais, boa parte deles inéditos. Em estreita articulação com os núcleos de documentação publicados na plataforma digital Res Sinicae, surgem abordadas obras e percursos colectivos e individuais de alguns agentes dessa interculturalidade, nomeadamente, alguns jesuítas portugueses da vice-província da China e da província do Japão: Álvaro Semedo (1585–1658), Francisco Furtado (1587–1653), António de Gouveia (1592/1594–1677), Francisco Cardim (1596–1659), Tomás Pereira (1646–1708) e Marcelo Leitão (1679–1755). O livro dá ainda a conhecer algumas das vias e meios da transmissão cultural e científica operada nos dois sentidos, entre a China e a Europa, no período 1600–1800. São tratados temas como a recepção de Martino Martini em Portugal, em 1657; o papel de jesuítas estrangeiros no ensino da matemática nos colégios jesuítas de Évora e de Lisboa, no século XVIII; a disseminação da astrologia europeia na Ásia; ou, ainda, de que forma a sinologia ocidental, já no século XIX, deixou de ser um campo de conhecimento dominado por missionários católicos. O livro «Res Sinicae». Pessoas, papéis e intercâmbios culturais entre a Europa e a China (1600–1800) reúne um conjunto de estudos inicialmente apresentados nas Jornadas «Res Sinicae 2021. Arquivos e Materiais», realizadas a 15 e 16 de Abril desse ano. Posteriormente, outros textos foram incorporados ao livro de modo a completar a temática em estudo. Os textos aqui publicados foram, numa primeira fase, objecto de avaliação do Conselho Editorial do projecto Res Sinicae e, numa segunda fase, alvo de peer review. A publicação desta obra, no quadro do projecto da Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) intitulado «Res Sinicae. Base digital de fontes documentais em latim e em português sobre a China (séculos XVI a XVIII). Levantamento, edição, tradução e estudos» (PTDC/LLT-OUT/31941/2017), albergado no Centro de Estudos Clássicos da Faculdade de Letras da Universidade de Lisboa, responde a uma das suas principais prioridades, a de produção e divulgação dos resultados científicos da investigação desenvolvida pela equipa e colaboradores. Os treze estudos reunidos neste volume revelam um conjunto de fundos documentais, boa parte deles inéditos, e apontam para novas vias de investigação no quadro das relações interculturais estabelecidas entre a Europa, com enfoque especial para Portugal, e a China, entre 1600 e 1800. Ficam, assim, abertas novas pistas de investigação, quer em relação a percursos individuais de intermediários culturais, quer em relação a estratégias colectivas de transferências de saberes e informação, quer em relação ao contacto e convívio com a alteridade. Tais caminhos foram possíveis a partir da revisitação de arquivos e fundos documentais conhecidos, assim como da revelação de novas colecções e da disponibilização de documentos inéditos fulcrais para o conhecimento dos intercâmbios registados nos dois sentidos, entre a China e a Europa na Idade Moderna.

This paper aims at presenting a didactic sequence for Portuguese as an additional language Spanish students, at the beginner level. Since the two languages have many similarities, these students have specific characteristics and needs which must be taken into account when planning a lesson. Based on the theoretical perspective of Bakhtin's discourse genres and considering the construct of proficiency in Celpe-Bras Exam, a sequence was designed to promote the practice of conversation skills. A detailed rationale and analysis of a sequence on the theme "Volunteer work" is presented. The study brings important contributions and reflections to Portuguese as an additional language teachers regarding the main issues involved in the design of tasks to students of similar languages.

This research was funded by The European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No 679787), awarded to CC and the Research Council of Norway (SFF-III 223257/F50). ; Investigating the repeatability of trait variation between individuals, that is the amount of individual variation in relation to overall phenotypic variation, indicates an upper level of heritability and reveals whether a given trait may be subject to selection. Labile traits are characterized by high levels of flexibility and consequently low trait repeatability is expected. Indeed, research examining glucocorticoid levels in various non-mammal species found low repeatability scores. However, mammals may be different in this respect as (i) differential maternal care early in life has the potential to prime hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning and (ii) allelic variation affecting hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis functioning has been reported. Individuals often differ from each other in average and/or plastic labile trait expression, two aspects that can be described using a reaction norm approach. Both consistent and flexible reaction norm expression has been argued to serve adaptive purposes, depending on the stability and predictability of environmental conditions. Here, we investigated both trait and reaction norm repeatability of urinary cortisol levels in wild adult male chimpanzees. To capture the expression of the circadian urinary cortisol rhythm of individual males over time, urine samples were collected throughout the day. In total data of 30 males collected over a period of 8 years were included in the dataset. No male was sampled over the whole 8-year period however. We found minor levels of trait repeatability but considerable reaction norm repeatability. This implies a minor role of genetic or priming factors on cortisol excretion, but reveals that males differ consistently in average urinary cortisol levels and the shape of the circadian urinary cortisol rhythm. Relating these results to fitness parameters will provide answers to questions on the adaptive value of reaction norm repeatability of this labile hormonal trait in the future. ; Publisher PDF ; Peer reviewed

ALGOLITTLE is an EU funded Erasmus+ KA203 project seeking the ways of integrating algorithmic thinking skills into preschool education to cultivate future's code literates starting from the earliest years. When we consider the COVID-19 outbreak process, while a transformation has been being experienced in every field, education has also been digitalized in a tremendous way. These developments promise the systems digitalized in a more global scale. Therefore, it becomes important to raise individuals with the skills allowing them to keep up with the expectations of the 21st century business world. ALGOLITTLE project consortium consists of 6 partners: İzmir Democracy University (Turkey), Scuola di Robotica (Italy), University of Maribor (Slovenia), University of Rijeka (Croatia), Instituto Politecnico de Viseu (Portugal) and Educloud Ed-Tech (Turkey). The consortium has been developing a curriculum and teaching materials to equip early childhood education undergraduates with the new skills which modern world demands and support them to become competent to meet the requirements of their future professions. Algorithmic thinking skills are defined as thinking about the steps to achieve a determined objective in a clear and detailed way (Brown, 2015). This term was suggested for the first time by Wing (2006) and is based on the studies of Seymour Papert (Papert, 1980, 1991). Wing (2006) claims that algorithmic thinking requires "solving problems, designing systems and understanding human behaviour by benefiting from the basic concepts of computer science". And this becomes an opportunity in teacher education to ensure undergraduate students gain contemporary and innovative skills. ; info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion