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"Criticized as parsimonious and cruel in the later 1800s, the Poor Law for Scotland was first passed in 1845 as a frankly humanitarian measure in response to desperate poverty on display in Paisley and elsewhere in the early 1840s. Poor Law Inspector James Shaw Brown of Paisley Burgh Parish, a compassionate, detail-oriented bureaucrat, was charged with alleviating suffering while limiting expense. In his four-decade career he served the poor, the parochial board, and rate payers of the parish, weaving their conflicting needs and demands though the arcane rules of the law. Inspector Brown and colleagues across the nation interpreted and debated the meaning of the law in correspondence and the courts for decades before it approached its final form. This book delves into Inspector Brown's life and records to reveal how poverty and the poor law shaped life experiences for tens of thousands of ordinary Scots in the middle years of the nineteenth century"--

AbstractHow does a brand live and die in the memory? Where does the concept of a relationship with a brand fit into mental activity? What are thoughts, emotions and feelings and do people have them about brands in any meaningful way? What should one think about such concepts as consciousness and the unconscious in relation to brands and brand messages? Is the way in which managers of brands codify them a reflection of reality? These are only some of the fundamental questions that should concern professionals involved with organisations and brands. This paper draws on scientific discoveries about the human brain to build on the empirical knowledge that leaders in organisations, marketers, academics and researchers have gained about brands over the last five decades.The first part of the paper highlights the inconsistencies that occur between what is found in the development and evaluation of brand strategy and what happens in 'real life'. It suggests that the newly merged disciplines of neuroscience and cognitive psychology (called neuropsychology) offer the scientific basis for understanding how human beings create, store, recall and relate to brands in everyday life. The second part explains some of the most relevant neuropsychological discoveries about the brain in terms of the implications for brand marketing. The topics covered are: brain functions and structure; consciousness and the unconscious; memory and language. The paper concludes by thinking about the current practise of qualitative research and how it matches up to the findings of the new science. Copyright © 2002 Henry Stewart Publications.

Intro -- MILL GIRLS AND STRANGERS -- Contents -- List of Figures -- Acknowledgments -- 1. Transitions in the City: Independent Female Migration, 1850-1881 -- Single Female Migrants in Historical Perspectives -- 2. Preston: The Unseen Migrants -- Migrants and Domestic Service in Preston -- The Migrants' Economy -- 3. Lowell: The Mill Girls -- Migrants and the Textile Industry in Lowell -- The Migrants' Society -- A Desire to See the City -- The Migrants' Independence -- 4. Paisley: The Strangers and the Maids -- Migrants and Domestic Service in Paisley -- Migrants and Bleaching in Paisley -- Accommodating Independent Migrants -- The Migrants' Economy -- To Prosecute Her Claim -- Personal Migration Patterns -- Migrants at Risk -- 5. Comparisons: The Migrants Beside Themselves -- Appendix: The Statistical Methodology -- Notes -- Chapter 1. Transitions in the City -- Chapter 2. Preston -- Chapter 3. Lowell -- Chapter 4. Paisley -- Chapter 5. Comparisons -- Appendix -- Bibliography -- Primary Sources -- Secondary Sources -- Index -- A -- B -- C -- D -- E -- F -- G -- H -- I -- L -- M -- O -- P -- R -- S -- T -- U -- V -- W -- Y.

Although the New Poor Law was passed by the Westminster Parliament, it was implemented at the most local level through newly established parochial boards. By tracing the case of a Paisley widow in need of poor relief through the changing landscape of the Scottish Poor Law in the 1850s, this article analyses the changing interpretation of the law regarding widows' settlements and highlights the interplay between local bodies and higher courts in interpreting the law. Individual experience and practice in localities worked together to create a national system that reflected Scottish understandings of gender, marriage, and independence.