Suchergebnisse

More than an engaged fieldnote : collaboration, dialogue, and difference -- Disaster and diaspora : discourses of development and opportunity -- Development planning : slaves of modernity or agents of change? -- Local knowledge, different dreams : planning for the next generation -- The NASA of the north and the tensions of modernity -- Beyond development : the continuing struggle for peace, justice, and inclusion.

The psychometric model, developed by Glendon Schubert, is a widely accepted way of conceptualizing judicial decision making. It entails the representation of justices' ideal points in a multidimensional space. A vector (representing the ordering of the justices derived from scalogram analysis) is projected through this space to aid in interpreting the underlying attitudinal dimensions of interagreement. Despite the apparent rigor of this model it contains certain indeterminacies, as no mathematical procedure has been used to determine the location of the scale vectors. Consequently ad hoc. hand procedures which may yield suboptimal solutions have been developed.This article provides solutions for the problem of fitting scale vectors to multidimensional configurations. These solutions are developed for the problem where the scale analogue is treated at the measurement level of interval or ordinal values. In order to demonstrate the advantages of using these procedures, we undertake a reanalysis of Schubert's results (for which he used ad hoc procedures). In one-half of the cases analyzed, the results reported by Schubert are suboptimal when evaluated in terms of the coefficient he sought to maximize. The mathematical solutions and the associated computer programs give greater rigor to the psychometric model and provide a response to the criticism that scale fitting in the psychometric model is subjective and inconsistent with the premises of the behavioral approach to judicial decision making.

Übersicht über die bisherigen Ansätze zur Förderung der Partizipation in Projekten der ländlichen Entwicklung, Diskussion der Rahmenbedingungen und Entwurf konkreter Handlungsmaximen für die verstärkte Einbeziehung der betroffenen Bevölkerung. Veranschaulichung der Möglichkeiten zur Umsetzung der Empfehlungen anhand von Fallstudien aus Indonesien und Guatemala