Suchergebnisse

India is seen as a key developmental partner to Nepal with the latter being one of the first receipts of development aid from India. Development aid from India to Nepal has not only been associated with creation of infrastructure in the country but also with human capital development and ensuring long-term sustainability. Technical assistance and vocation training for skill development have been the focal points of India's development cooperation programme. Development aid has thus been a cornerstone of India-Nepal relation. However, in the recent past, due to the political, administrative and constitutional changes in Nepal, the relation between the two countries has evolved, which has also affected India's development partnership programme with Nepal. In July 2018, the Government of Nepal made changes to the design of India's development partnership programme, which has an impact on India's small development project (SDP) scheme, through which a majority of India's assistance in social sector was facilitated since the year 2003. This paper examines the impact of India's development assistance on the education sector in Nepal and the effectiveness of the SDP scheme in enabling the same. Findings are based on an analysis of secondary information and a primary survey conducted in Nepal using ethnographic principles of research. Two broad categories of inputs were collected - disaggregated data on the quantum of assistance under the SDP scheme and qualitative inputs in terms of perception, experiences and anecdotes on India's development assistance in the education sector. Data was analysed using statistical tools and presented using QGIS. Findings of the study are used to make recommendations on how the design of India's development assistance to Nepal can be renewed.

CARIM-India: Developing a knowledge base for policymaking on India-EU migration ; India and the European Union (EU) are currently negotiating a Broadbased Trade and Investment Agreement (BTIA) and Mode 4 liberalisation is a key component of the negotiations. India and the EU have different negotiating positions under Mode 4 in the World Trade Organization (WTO) and in their bilateral agreements. The objective of this paper is to examine India and the EU's offer in the WTO and their existing commitments in bilateral agreements and draw implications for the India-EU BTIA. ; CARIM-India is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

CARIM-India: Developing a knowledge base for policymaking on India-EU migration ; This paper examines the current and future prospects for the movement of architects and engineers between India and the EU, based on secondary information and a primary survey. Due to ageing population and a shrinking workforce, the EU Member States are facing shortage of skilled professionals, including architects and engineers. ; CARIM-India is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union

CARIM-India: Developing a knowledge base for policymaking on India-EU migration ; With liberalisation, economic growth and stable macroeconomic conditions, companies from developing countries like India, have started investing abroad. Of late, Indian companies have diversified their investments and have shifted from markets within Asia to European markets. This paper examines Indian investment in Eastern Europe, barriers to investment and possibilities for enhancing it through appropriate policy measures. Eastern Europe is a new destination for Indian investment. The paper highlights that India and East European countries have complementarities. However, despite several initiatives, the present level of Indian investment in Eastern Europe is low and limited to a few countries and sectors. A majority of the Indian investments are directed towards Russia and most of these investments are made in the manufacturing and mining sector. Moreover, a large part of the investments is made by a few large Indian companies. Based on in-depth interviews, the study found that lack of market knowledge, poor governance structure, high level of corruption, non-transparent public procurement process and cumbersome customs procedures are some factors hindering Indian investments in the region. The study identifies various areas of investment and collaborations and suggests measures to remove the barriers to investment. While some of these can be addressed under the on-going India-EU Broadbased Trade and Investment Agreement, others require strengthening diplomatic ties, foster information sharing and domestic reforms in India and East European countries. ; CARIM-India is co-financed by the European University Institute and the European Union.

Since independence, India has come a long way from being a food-deficit to a food surplus country. With its varied agro-climatic conditions and large production base, the country has become a leading exporter of fresh and processed food products. The Indian government is keen to promote exports of fresh and processed food products and, in recent years, the government has come up with several reforms and schemes to support exports. The Indian government is also undertaking policies and schemes for supporting sustainable agriculture practices and is encouraging organic farming. Despite these efforts, Indian exporters of agricultural products continue to face rejections and bans in key markets and most of these are related to non-compliance with food safety and health standards. Such non-compliance is because of several reasons including pest infestations, presence of chemical residues that are banned by the importing country's national food law, higher than maximum approved levels of chemical residue and food contamination due to germination of bacteria. Rejection and/or bans have not only led to loss of income for exporters, farmers and processors, but also loss of market to exporters from other developing countries who are able to meet the food safety and health standards of importing countries. Given this background, this study, based on secondary information analysis and a primary survey, tries to identify the food safety barriers that Indian exports face in key export markets, the reasons for such barriers and the impact of these on exporters and farmers. Based on the survey findings, the study lists three key strategies to address these barriers. These include (a) implementing domestic reforms (b) bilateral discussions with trading partners, mutual collaborations and knowledge sharing, addressing the issue through mutual recognition in bilateral trade agreements, etc., and (c) raising the issue in multilateral forums such as the WTO.

Germany is a large source country for investment and technology transfer into India and Indian investments in Germany are also growing overtime. The two countries have investment complementarities and, therefore, there is scope to enhance bilateral investments flows. However, there are many market access and operational restrictions, which impact the flow of bilateral investments. In this context, this paper aims to highlight the barriers to investment flows between India and Germany and suggest measures to address these barriers through bilateral trade negotiations and domestic reforms. The paper found that policy uncertainty, rigid regulations and differences in technical and product standards are key barriers to bilateral investment flows between India and Germany. In addition, there are cultural and language barriers and lack of knowledge about the present policies and incentives in the two countries. Investment flows can be facilitated through inter-government agreements as they offer operational certainty and comprehensive trade agreements, which ensure a more liberal and predictable investment regime for the trading partners. The paper suggests that while some of the barriers can be addressed through domestic reforms and trade negotiations, there is also a need to enhance inter-government cooperation, government industry interactions and promote knowledge sharing between the two countries to facilitate investment flows.

This book examines India's ten years of experience developing Special Economic Zones (SEZs) and the performance of SEZs in the context of India's growing international engagement, its endeavours to attract domestic and foreign investment in manufacturing and services and its aim to increase and diversify exports of goods and services. SEZs are industrial enclaves/clusters within a country that receive certain incentives and business facilitation benefits that are not generally available to the rest of the country. To facilitate private and foreign investment in SEZs, India introduced the SEZ policy in 2000, which was followed by the SEZ Act in 2005. After ten years under the Act, India now has one of the largest number of approved SEZs in the world and its SEZ policy remains heatedly debated, with a number of studies arguing both for and against it. Given this background, the book also identifies the challenges faced by SEZs in India and offers policy recommendations on how to make the SEZs an engine for India's economic growth and development that can more effectively link the country's manufacturing and services sectors to global value chains.

In recent years, the Indian Government has taken several policy initiatives to promote organic farming and organic food exports. Such measures are expected to enrich soil quality; attain sustainable development goals; ensure health and food safety for consumers; increase farmer's income and link them to the global markets; increase investment in organic food manufacturing and retailing, and create employment. A number of entrepreneurs have responded positively to government initiatives and several start-ups have been formed in the organic food segment. A number of conventional food manufacturers, retailers and exporters have diversified their businesses to include organic food products. Within the food processing segment, this is a fast growing sector with high growth potential and ability to create employment. This paper, based on a primary survey of companies engaged in organic food business in India and the United Kingdom (UK), examines how organic food can attract more investment (domestic and foreign) across the entire food supply chain including manufacturing, farming, distribution and trading if supported by the right policy. It also focuses on how companies in the organic food business are linked to farmers and how this linkage can be strengthened in order to enable farmers to have better access to the domestic and global markets. The paper identifies the issues and business risk that companies face and makes policy recommendations for enabling the holistic growth of this sector.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess Indian consumers' brand consciousness by examining their brand knowledge, purchase behaviour and perceptions of foreign brands. It provides key inputs for global retailers to harness the potential in growing consumerism in India.Design/methodology/approachA survey of 300 Indian consumers was conducted and the data were analysed using descriptive and simple regression techniques.FindingsThe study found that brand purchase in India varies across product categories. At present, consumer knowledge and use of foreign brands is low, and Indian consumers are price‐sensitive. Indian consumers are experimenting with brands and would like more foreign brands to enter the Indian market.Research limitations/implicationsDue to the small sample size, advanced econometrics techniques could not be used to analyse the dataset.Originality/valueThe paper is the first to assess the impact of retail liberalisation on Indian consumers' shopping behaviour, particularly their brand consciousness.