Suchergebnisse

Of all the procedures regulated by legal acts recognized as full constitutions, the provisions regulating the changes to the constitution play a particular role in the system. Their design determines the possibility or impossibility of adapting the basic law to the changing social, economic and political realities, which may reflect the constitutional stability, but it also stabilizes the constitution of a state into a certain shape. The proposed divisions, as well as the precise instruments of constitutional classification based thereon, can facilitate academic discourse and enrich didactics. The subject of the article is an analysis of the Greek constitution in the context of a system of classification, which differentiate this type of legislation into rigid and flexible.

SYSTEMIC IMPORTANCE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CAPITAL IN THE MEMBER STATES OF THE EUROPEAN UNIONThe practice of placing in the constitution provisions relating to state symbols emblem, flag, anthem is satisfactory. Often accompanying such regulation standards is the task to indicate the center of which is the state capital. The desirability of such regulations is questionable, hence the question whether it is acommon practice. The analysis covers the EU Member States. It is ain­homogeneous group, which should be considered an advantage, because it allows to review the solu­tions. The aim is to answer the question whether in the EU countries there is awidespread practice of the constitutional establishment of the state capital, whether it is the dominant model, is it possible there are different solutions in this area, when such adjustments are redundant, whether such cases allow conclusions that can be applied in practice of Polish political system.

Citizens' election rights are among the most important political rights in a democratic state. The SARS-CoV–2 pandemic has brought chaos to countries and thus to their proper functioning. Therefore, the authors of the text, analysing the case of the presidential elections in 2020, put forward the thesis that the provisions regulating the rules of these elections contain significant gaps, which were revealed by the pandemic. The Constitution of the Republic of Poland of 1997 contains a catalogue of conditions that make it possible to elect a president under an extraordinary procedure. They all relate to a necessity to shorten the president's term of office. However, no rules consider the likelihood of other obstacles to voting by the deadline, such as a pandemic. ; Radosław Grabowski - rgrabowski@ur.edu.pl ; Sabina Grabowska - sgrabowska@ur.edu.pl ; Radosław Grabowski – University Professor at the Department of Political Science, University of Rzeszow, Poland and Head of the Department of Constitutional Law and Human Rights. ; Sabina Grabowska – University Professor at the Department of Political Science, University of Rzeszow, Poland, where since October 2019 she holds a position of the Dean of College of Social Sciences. She is the Head of Department of Political and Media Systems and Editor-in-Chief of Przegląd Prawa Kostytucyjnego journal. ; Radosław Grabowski: Rzeszow University, Poland ; Sabina Grabowska: Rzeszow University, Poland ; Balicki R., Weryfikacja ważności wyborów ogólnokrajowych w Polsce, 'Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego' 2021, no. 4(62). ; Bezubik K.M., Olechno A., Could the Election Deposit Become an Electoral Qualification? Remarks on the Example of the Election of Head of State, 'Białostockie Studia Prawnicze' 2016, no. 20/A. ; Ciapała J., Prezydent w systemie ustrojowym Polski, Warsaw 1999. ; Dahl M., Lewandowska M., COVID-19 a proces legislacyjny - posiedzenia Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej IX kadencji, 'Przegląd Prawa Konstytucyjnego' 2021, no. 5(63). ; Dudek D., Prezydent Rzeczypospolitej ...

THE EVOLUTION OF THE HUNGARIAN MODEL OF JUDICIAL MANAGEMENT AND JUDICIAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN HUNGARY IN THE YEARS 1989–2019The Hungarian constitutional system after 1989 was initially subject to evolutionary changes. The previously binding constitution was only amended, although in most countries of the region the new constitutions created new system concepts. This also concerned the organisation of the judiciary, which in Hungary for a long time remained under the influence of the doctrine formed in the time of the socialist state. Significant corrections in this respect did not take place until 1997, but the solutions and institutions created at that time — including judicial self-government — survived for only slightly more than a decade. The political parties that came to power in 2010 adopted a new Basic Law and made far-reaching transformations in the field of symbolism, constitutional principles and the system of constitutional organs. Both the scope of the changes and the way they were carried out provoked resistance from various environments, including judges, whose influence on the organisation of the judiciary and its functioning was significantly reduced. The dispute that occurred was the subject of debate throughout Europe, and the institutions of the Council of Europe and the European Union were involved in resolving it.