Suchergebnisse

London is one of the world's most popular destinations and visitors contribute approximately £14.9 billion of expenditure to the city every year. Its tourism and events sectors are growing and over the last few years London has received more visitors than ever before. However, detailed accounts of the city's visitor economy are conspicuously absent. This book analyses how the capital is developing as a destination through the expansion of tourism and events into new urban spaces. The book outlines how parts of London not previously regarded as tourist territory are now subject to the visitor gaze with tourism spreading beyond established central zones into peripheral, suburban and residential areas – in part propelled by a big rise in peer to peer accommodation use. Simultaneously, London's airports and sports stadiums and their surrounds are becoming destinations in their own right. New vantage points have been created, allowing tourists to explore the city: from above, at night-time or through tours given by the homeless; via the opening up of the River Thames; or through the transformation of local parks into eventscapes. The book explores these trends and shows how urban destinations expand. In doing so, it enhances our understanding of London and highlights the growing significance of tourism and events in global cities.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of contents -- Contributors -- 1 Introduction -- Note -- 2 Regional economic theory and the impact of transport investments -- Introduction -- How natural advantage and governance can explain differences in regional economic development -- Explaining differences in regional economic development in the absence of differences in natural advantage and governance -- Imperfect competition due to increasing returns to scale -- Home market effect -- Core-periphery model -- Input-output linkages -- Increasing spatial fragmentation of firms and the role of communication costs -- Long-term developments in the costs of trade and transport -- Empirical assessment of the effects of transport costs on regional development -- Economic impact studies -- Econometric studies on the effects of air transport on economic development -- European regional policy -- Conclusions -- Note -- References -- 3 A review of connectivity utility models and their applications -- Introduction -- A review of the Connectivity Utility Model -- The construction of the direct air connectivity measure -- The construction of indirect air connectivity measure -- The construction of a multi-modal connectivity measure -- Applications of the Connectivity Utility Model -- China's direct air connectivity with other countries/economies -- China's overall connectivity (the sum of direct and indirect connectivity) -- Using the extended ConnUM for vulnerability analysis -- Conclusions -- Notes -- References -- 4 Wider economic benefits: What they are, how they manifest, and an example from network air services -- Introduction -- Literature evolution -- Public capital and economic growth -- Mechanisms of WEB -- Wider economic benefits vs catalytic effects -- Wider economic benefits (WEBs) and aviation.