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Chapter 8 Participant-created documents as an elicitation tool: Things we might not have otherwise been told
Elicitation interviews are where participants are either shown items or asked to bring items to the interview in order to shape the direction of the conversation. This approach is often referred to as being part of 'visual methods'. The chapter focuses in particular on when participants are asked to either bring everyday documents, such as photographs, or when they are asked to create a new document, with both sources serving as a 'topic guide' during interviews, which are directed by the participant. The advantage of this method over many documentary analysis methods is the presence of the author and the ability for the researcher to ask the author questions. This allows us to more easily establish meaning than in participant-absent documentary analysis. A detailed case study is presented of the research that aimed to understand health behaviours, such as smoking and drinking alcohol, during pregnancy. Ten women from deprived areas living on low incomes took part in elicitation interviews. Techniques of elicitation included life-history timelining (drawing a timeline of their life), collaging or using a paper template with thought bubbles to describe what it was like being pregnant, and sandboxing (that is, creating an image or scene using sand and a range of everyday items). Data was analysed using a narrative analysis, which is used to consider change over time. Guidance is provided on how to undertake narrative analysis. The findings highlighted a wide range of barriers and facilitators to abstain from alcohol and smoking during pregnancy, which were related to life circumstances. The key challenges of using such a method, including the ethical implications, are discussed. An exercise with additional data is provided to consolidate learning.
Morality and public policy By ClemHenricsonBristol: Policy Press, 2016. ISBN 978‐1‐4473‐2382‐2; £23.99 (pbk)
In: Social policy and administration, Band 52, Heft 5, S. 1174-1175
ISSN: 1467-9515
Doing Excellent Social Research with Documents : Practical Examples and Guidance for Qualitative Researchers (Edition 1)
In today's society we increasingly create and consume written content and images. This includes a range of sources, from social media posts to records held within organisations, and everything in between, including news articles, blogs, shopping lists and official government documents. Critically reading these 'documents' can help us to understand a huge amount about society. Doing Excellent Social Research with Documents includes guidance on how to 'read between the lines', and provides an overview of six research projects which use documents as data.
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Innovative Measurement and Evaluation of Community Development Practices Edited By NormanWalzer, JaneLeonard and MaryEmery Abingdon: Routledge, 2015. ISBN 978-1-138-90760-7; £95.00 (hbk)
In: Social policy & administration: an international journal of policy and research, Band 51, Heft 1, S. 216-217
ISSN: 0037-7643, 0144-5596
Innovative Measurement and Evaluation of Community Development Practices Edited By NormanWalzer, JaneLeonard and MaryEmeryAbingdon: Routledge, 2015. ISBN 978‐1‐138‐90760‐7; £95.00 (hbk)
In: Social policy and administration, Band 51, Heft 1, S. 216-217
ISSN: 1467-9515
Public Health Ethics, 2nd edn by Stephen Holland Cambridge: Polity Press, 2014. ISBN 978‐0‐7456‐6218‐3; £17.99 (pbk)
In: Social policy and administration, Band 50, Heft 1, S. 122-123
ISSN: 1467-9515
Beyond Evidence‐Based Policy in Public Health: The Interplay of Ideas By KatherineSmithBasingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013. ISBN 78‐1‐137‐02657‐6; £59.00 (hbk)
In: Social policy and administration, Band 49, Heft 5, S. 672-674
ISSN: 1467-9515
Welfare reform, increased conditionality and discretion: Jobcentre Plus advisers' experiences of targets and sanctions
In: Journal of Poverty and Social Justice, Band 21, Heft 2, S. 165-176
ISSN: 1759-8281
This article presents empirical findings from part of a larger study on welfare reform conducted between 2007 and 2009. Semi-structured in-depth interviews occurred with eight Incapacity Benefit personal advisers, and Work Focused Interviews conducted by advisers with Incapacity Benefit claimants were observed. Two areas of advisers' experience will be discussed. First, how advisers were subjected to the need to comply with directives, and how their performance was monitored via targets. Second, the article will examine advisers' attitudes and behaviours towards sanctions, which were primarily used against those who did not attend compulsory Work Focused Interviews (DWP, 2002).
Doing Your Research Project with Documents: A Step-By-Step Guide to Take You from Start to Finish
Students and researchers have an abundance of materials and sources available to them via the internet for use in their projects. However, there is little practical guidance available on the fundamentals of performing qualitative research with documents. This valuable book enables readers to undertake high-quality, robust research using documents as data. Encouraging critical consideration of research design, the book guides readers step-by-step through the process of planning and undertaking a research project based on documentary analysis. It covers selecting a research topic and sample through to analysing and writing up the data. The book includes: • a wealth of case studies demonstrating how lessons can be applied in practice; • summary boxes and suggestions for further reading in each chapter to guide learning; • helpful online resources to facilitate designing your own research. Accessible and comprehensive, this book will be invaluable for both students and researchers alike who are new to documentary analysis. All the resources included in this book are available to download on the book's webpage at https://policy.bristoluniversitypress.co.uk/doing-your-research-project-with-documents/online-resources. Look for the Online Resources logo throughout the book
Print media representations of UK Accident and Emergency treatment targets: Winter 2014-2015
Aims and Objectives: to undertake an analysis of UK national daily newspaper coverage of accident and emergency treatment targets, in order to understand if the media could be seen to be creating a scandal.Background: Emergency Department treatment targets have become common in developed countries. In the United Kingdom (UK), hospitals are required to treat and discharge patients within four hours, and statistics are published daily. Breaches of targets are regularly reported by the UK print media. Design: exploratory research of tabloid newspaper articles that reported on four-hour treatment targets in the UK during a seven-month period over the winter of 2014-15 (n=1,317). An interpretivist thematic approach was utilised during analysis.Results: The main 'problem' identified by newspapers was the failure to meet the target, rather than negative effects on patient care (where they existed). Proposed solutions were diverse. Many articles did not describe who was to blame for the failure. Conclusion: We conclude that the media created a feeling of scandal, and hypothesise that this is related to political reasons and the availability of data on a daily basis.
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'People try and police your behaviour': the impact of surveillance on mothers and grandmothers' perceptions and experiences of infant feeding
In: Families, relationships and societies: an international journal of research and debate, Band 7, Heft 3, S. 431-447
ISSN: 2046-7443
Pregnancy and motherhood are increasingly subjected to surveillance. Research has highlighted that public breastfeeding is difficult to navigate within existing constructs of acceptable femininity, but at the same time, mothers who formula feed are often located within discourses of the failed maternal subject. This article draws on intergenerational research with six mother/grandmother pairs from marginalised urban Welsh locales, which involved elicitation interviews around the everyday artefacts that participants presented to symbolise their experiences of motherhood and infant care. We examine the negotiation of acceptable motherhood in relation to the intrusive policing of lifestyle choices, consumption and infant feeding from family, friends and strangers. The article argues that the moral maze of surveyed motherhood renders infant feeding a challenging, and challenged, space for women.
Breastfeeding, social work and the rights of infants who have been removed
In: Qualitative social work: research and practice, Band 21, Heft 1, S. 3-14
ISSN: 1741-3117
Impact of waterpipe tobacco pack health warnings on waterpipe smoking attitudes: a qualitative analysis among regular users in London
Background: despite the rise in prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking, it has received little legislative enforcement from governing bodies, especially in the area of health warning labels. Methods: twenty regular waterpipe tobacco smokers from London took part in five focus groups discussing the impact of waterpipe tobacco pack health warnings on their attitudes towards waterpipe smoking. We presented them with existing and mock waterpipe tobacco products, designed to be compliant with current and future UK/EU legislation. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Results: participants felt packs were less attractive and health warnings were more impactful as health warnings increased in size and packaging became less branded. However, participants highlighted their lack of exposure to waterpipe tobacco pack health warnings due to the inherent nature of waterpipe smoking, that is, smoking in a café with the apparatus already prepacked by staff. Health warnings at the point of consumption had more reported impact than health warnings at the point of sale. Conclusions: waterpipe tobacco pack health warnings are likely to be effective if compliant with existing laws and exposed to end-users. Legislations should be reviewed to extend health warning labels to waterpipe accessories, particularly the apparatus, and to waterpipe-serving premises
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