Suchergebnisse

A 1980 World Bank study paints a bleak picture of the current economic situation in sub-Saharan Africa, where most countries are at the bottom of the development pyramid. They have low incomes per capita, and their rates of economic growth have fallen behind Asian countries of comparable low income. Moreover, population growth in Africa is accelerating while trends in other developing regions suggest a slowing down.

Controversies surrounding US population policies are reviewed with the goal of identifying a policy that is realistic & addresses the needs of the Ru poor of Africa. The question of whether rapid population growth is a cause or an effect of poverty (the Marx-Malthus debate) is discussed, as is the question of which has the greater impact on reducing fertility -- economic development or family planning. Cultural, economic, & political constraints to limiting children & to acceptance of family planning ideas & technology are also examined. It is concluded that family planning efforts must be assisted by economic development programs that genuinely benefit the Ru poor. The view that African countries must first demonstrate reduced fertility rates before development assistance is increased (or even continued) is criticized. Modified AA.

Cover -- Half Title -- Title -- Copyright -- Contents -- List of Tables -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- Notes, -- 1 The Intriguing Epidemiology of AIDS in Africa -- STDs and HIV Infection -- Impacting STD Incidence -- STDs: The Domain of Traditional African Medicine -- Notes -- 2 Issues in the Development of Collaborative Programs -- African Healers -- Indigenous Knowledge Systems -- The Policy Background of Collaborative Programs -- The Emergence and Reemergence of Collaborative Programs -- Constraints to Collaborative Programs -- An Outline of the Continuing Policy Debate -- Should Healers Be Salaried by African Governments? -- The Question of Medicinal Plants -- Notes -- 3 Preliminary Research in Swaziland -- Background -- A National Survey and Census of Healers -- Illness and Treatment in a Pluralistic Setting -- Swaziland's First Collaborative Program -- Indigenous STDs in Swaziland -- Summary of Findings and Prospects for Referrals of STD Cases -- Case History of Gcunsula -- A Framework for Analysis -- Use of Antibiotics and Other Recent Trends -- Note on AIDS and Condoms -- Swazi Attitudes Toward Contraceptives -- The Traditional Healers Organization and Condoms -- Notes -- 4 STDs and AIDS in Liberia -- Background to Study -- Research Methods -- Sexually Transmitted Diseases -- AIDS -- Prevention of STDs and AIDS -- Sexual Behavior -- Discussion of Liberian Findings -- Condom Promotion and Its Problems -- Spermicides -- Addressing Risky Behavior -- STD Therapies and Therapy-Seeking Behavior -- Liberia in the Future -- Notes -- 5 STDs and AIDS in Mozambique -- Background on Mozambique -- The Genesis of a Policy and a Program -- The Issue of Village Health Workers -- National Policy and Pilot Project in Manica Province -- Profiles of Locally Recognized STDs -- Discussion and Analysis of Findings -- AIDS -- Note on Sorcery.

Bagi sebagian besar penduduk Indonesia, mudik menjadi suatu kegiatan yang dilakukan ketika mereka sudah meninggalkan tempat kelahiran mereka. Setiap ada kesempatan, terutama saat Lebaran dan/atau Natal, banyak orang mudik ke kampung halamannya. Ternyata mudik tidak selalu hanya pulang ke rumah orang tua, menengok keluarga, tetapi juga tentang kembali ke 'tempat' yang mempunyai kenangan untuk tiap individu. Dalam tulisan ini juga diulas tentang kaum homoseksual yang memilih keluar dari desa menuju kota, tetapi pada saat-saat tertentu mereka tetap mengunjungi desanya itu. Konsep mudik juga bukan hanya milik orang Indonesia karena di Barat pun ada konsep yang sama tentang kembali ke tempat yang mempunyai kenangan tersendiri bagi orang tersebut.