Search results

Abstract
Tourism value of a modern tourist destination depends on managing and organizing social, historical, cultural and natural resources into a unique tourist attraction. Changing trends in cultural tourism and technological development affect the creation of new cultural tourism products and channels of their promotion. Virtual and augmented reality offer new ways of promotion and consumption of cultural tourism services. Destinations adapt to these changes by creating a tourism offer in accordance with sustainable development. Furthermore, tourist destinations needed to adapt to Covid-19 pandemic conditions and therefore started using new trends in virtual and augmented reality. Virtual reality and digital technologies are beneficial in creating and implementing new forms of cultural tourism, especially in the given circumstances of new travel rules and changed tourist expectations, with an emphasis on social distance, preserving the health of tourists and local population and protecting the environment. The aims of this paper are to define the changes in cultural tourism caused by the Covid-19 pandemic and explore the effect of new technologies such as virtual and augmented reality on cultural tourism development. The paper also aims to determine the possibilities for cultural tourism development regarding new trends. Historical method, desk research, analysis and synthesis have been used for the purpose of this paper. Paper contribution is reflected in applying new trends which resulted in changes in tourist behaviour in pandemic conditions, as well as insights into the possibilities of developing different models of cultural tourism consumption in accordance with new technological achievements.

Danas je turizam jedna od najbrže rastućih industrija svijeta i mnogi krajevi i naselja d i¬ljem svijeta pronalaze priliku za svoj napredak upravo u razvoju turizma. Današnji moderni turist sve više se distancira od masovnog turizma i svoj odmor i razonodu traži u mjestima koja još nisu toliko poznata na globalnom tržištu, a odišu mirom, čistoćom i sigurnošću. Međimurje kao turistička destinacija još uvijek je nepoznato na globalnoj turističkoj karti Europske Unije, budući da većina turista koja dolazi u Republiku Hrvatsku pretežno svoj godišnji odmor koristi na jadranskoj obali i jadranskim otocima. Unutrašnjost Hrvatske, a pogotovo sjeverozapadni kraj, još uvijek se slabo promovira i ogroman broj turista nikada nije ni čuo za Međimurje. Međimurje je danas jedna od najrazvijenih županija u Republici Hrvatskoj, a ono po čemu je među najpoznatijima upravo je uređenost infrastrukture. Me-đimurci su poznati kao vrijedni, marljivi, pedantni i uredni ljudi. Njihove kuće, dvorišta, vrto¬vi pa i parkovi oduvijek su bili primjer ostalim krajevima u Hrvatskoj kako i na koji način tre¬ba održavati i voljeti svoj kraj i svoje mjesto. Zbog toga mnogi nazivaju ovaj sjeverozapadni dio Hrvatske "Horvatskim cvetnjakom". Upravo zbog dobrog planiranja i suradnje lokalnih i županijskih vlasti, Međimurje je primjer kako se može dobro organizirati određena regija da bi bile zadovoljne sve strukture društva: gospodarstvenici, turistički djelatnici, lokalna vlast, lokalno stanovništvo, turisti, a da time nije narušen održivi razvoj regije. ; Tourism today is one of the fastest growing industries of the world and many places or parts of the world search for their development in tourism sector. Modern tourist today is more distanced from mass toursim and searches for vacation and holidays in places which are not yet that famous on the global market, but are characterized by peace, cleanleness, and security. Međimurje as a tourism destination is still not known on the global map of Eu-ropean Union, considering that most of the tourists visiting Croatia spend their vacation at the Adriatic coast and Croatian islands. Continental Croatia, especially northwestern part, is still less promoted and most of the tourists have never heard of its beauty and attracti¬ons. Međimurje is one of the most developed Counties in Croatia and is well known for its developed infrastructure. Local population of Međimurje are known as hard working, neet and percise people. Their houses, gardens and parks were always famous as examples of how people should take care of their neighbourhood and how to maintain and love their place and origin. Therefore many people call this part of Croatia Horvatski cvetnjak which can be translated as Croatian flower garden. Precisely due to good planning and good co¬operation beteween people and the local county government, Međimurje can be seen as an example of how a county can be well organized in order to satisfy all social structures: entrepreneurs, tourism employees, local government and citizens as well as tourists. At the same time it shows the possibility to maintain sustainable development of nature without endangering society, nature and economic development.

Ruski inozemni turizam poznat je na svjetskom turističkom tržištu. Izvoz turističkih usluga u Rusiju zabranjen je sankcijama za ekonomije mnogih zemalja. U današnje vrijeme prisutne su nove tendencije koje bi trebale radikalno promijeniti strukturu ruskog domaćeg turizma i utjecati na inozemni turizam. Za to postoje vanjski i unutarnji tržišni i politički razlozi. U Rusiji država potiče razvoj domaćeg turizma različitim programima i strategijom njegova razvoja. Poduzetničke aktivnosti, konkurencija, investicija u turizam i turistička infrastruktura također su u porastu. U današnjoj Rusiji vidljiva je promjena od "inozemnog turizma" prema "domaćem turizmu". Ovo posljednje donosi dodatne prihode ruskim regijama. Sadašnja ekonomska i politička situacija doprinosi tom procesu. Pad prihoda uzrokovan ekonomskom krizom prisiljava Ruse da manje putuju u inozemstvo, a raste broj putnika u domaće jeftinije destinacije. Suočena s ekonomskim sankcijama ruska državna tijela traže unutrašnje investicije i mogućnosti smanjenja troškova uvoza. Počeli su više pažnje posvećivati domaćem turizmu. Pod sloganom "supstitucija uvoza" i "protusankcije" neke restrikcije koje utječu na međunarodni turizam, preferencije prema domaćem turizmu i stimulacija potražnje elaborirane su u ovom radu. Također i restrikcije inozemnog turizma kao i zabrana stranim kompanijama da djeluju na ruskom turističkom tržištu postali su politički faktor. Pad ruskog inozemnog turizma jača konkurenciju među svojim destinacijama, a povezano je i s Republikom Hrvatskom. Broj ruskih turista u Hrvatskoj pada iz godine u godinu. S jedne strane to može imati negativan utjecaj na hrvatsko turističko tržište, a s druge strane može otvoriti nove mogućnosti za pronalaženje načina da se privuče više posjetitelja iz Hrvatske. Smatramo da to može biti u interesu Hrvatske. ; Russian outbound tourism is well noticed in the World Tourist Market. Exporting tourist services to Russia has been the boon for the economies of many countries. Nowadays new tendencies are being revealed which should radically change the structure of Russian national tourism and influence the International tourism. There are outer and inner, market and political reasons for that. In Russia the government supports the inner and inbound tourism by means of programs and the strategy of its development. Entrepreneurial activities, competition, investment in tourism and tourist infrastructure are growing as well. In nowadays Russia the shift from "The industry of outbound tourism" to "The industry of national tourism" is well seen. The latter brings additional revenues to Russian regions. Current economic and political situation is contributing to this process. The economic-crisis-related decline in incomes pushes Russians to travel abroad less and instead increases the number of travelers within the country to cheaper destinations. Facing economic sanctions Russian authorities search for inner investment and the possibilities to reduce the cost of import. They started paying more attention to inner tourism. Under the slogans of "import-substitution" and "counter-sanctions" some restrictions on outbound tourism, preferences for the national tourism industry, and stimulation of consumers' demand were elaborated in this paper. Also the outbound tourism restrictions, prohibition for some foreign companies to act on Russian tourist market became a political factor. The decline of Russian outbound tourism strengthens the competition among its destinations. It is related to Republic of Croatia. The number of Russian visitors to Croatia declines from year to year. On the one hand it may have negative influence on Croatian tourist market, on the other – it opens new possibilities to find ways to attract more visitors from Russia. We suppose that it may be in the interest of Croatia.