Suchergebnisse

The article analyzes the current practice of applying the basic tools of financial support for research and development in small business in the Russian Federation, reveals the reason for the low eficiency of the tools and presents proposals to increase the eficiency of public inancial support for research and development in small business. The study concluded that the use of tools to increase the interest of small businesses in research and development (grants, soft loans and bank loans, subsidies for reimbursement of costs and interest rates, contribution of cash and other assets of the authorized institutions to the share capital, government contracts for research and development and public procurement of innovative products) which are proven abroad, has not led to the desired results due to the lack of consistency in the government policy of inancial support for small innovative companies, its focus on the decision of local, isolated problems; the speciic conceptual approach to the implementation of inancial support, the existing imbalance in the use of certain instruments of support and imperfection of their application. To improve the eficiency of public inancial support for research and development in small business in Russia the author proposes to develop and adopt a comprehensive program to support research and development in the sector of small and medium-sized enterprises, which should provide massive support to pre-seed and seed stage innovative companies «seedbed» and «seed stage», as well as support for research and development of small and medium-sized enterprises through the mechanisms of recurrent funding. Implemenation of the program will allow to link fragmented activities of federal executive bodies and Institutes for Development on the content, timing and resources; to expand the range of potential recipients of support and their interest in accelerating the implementation of the results of research and development; to take prompt decisions on the amendments to the program actions resulting ...

Regulation and government support for innovation in the regions of Russia: current state and problems

The article is devoted to the problem of an eficiency evaluation of government budget appropriations, directed to support small innovative entrepreneurship in Russia, which is a basic element of national innovative system. The small enterprises created in the late eighties of the XX century on base of research institutions and the higher education organisations, have used in the activities ready-made scientiic and technical developments of the founders. During the formation of small business support infrastructure in Russia, there was "the second wave" of creation of small enterprises, which were reoriented on carrying out independent researches and developments. However, despite the efforts being made by the government, their quantity has remained at extremely low level. The detailed analysis of inancial instruments of state support has allowed to reveal the problems that reduce eficiency of the small innovative entrepreneurship in Russia: 1) tools are addressed to all small business without speciics of innovative activities; 2) state support of the small innovative enterprises has no system character and is limited to separate actions; 3) there are no single criteria for evaluation of eficiency of the state support. Relevance and the practical importance of a subject of research have deined its purpose and tasks. The research purpose consists in eficiency increase of the small innovative enterprises state support; inancial mechanisms of state support are the object of research. Results of research include: 1) classiication of the small innovative enterprises according to their place and value in an innovative cycle; 2) differentiated approach to an eficiency evaluation of the small innovative enterprises state support depending on type of entrepreneurial behavior; 3) criteria for evaluation of eficiency of the small innovative enterprises state support correlated to the principles underlain in a basis of the differentiated approach; 4) system of evaluation criteria ranging according to entrepreneurial behavior ...