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Functioning of the Visegrad Group since its beginning was not an easy issue. V4 was established to integrate East-Central European countries into Euro-Atlantic structures in the atmosphere of cooperation. However, it was a partnership o f countries which in many cases guided by different interests. From the beginning, there was no sympathy inside the Group, but over time it changed. Since joining into the European Union in this cooperation experienced moments of common mobilizing such as: a struggle under the EU Cohesion Policy, the fight for the Union budgets, and the last one position against the welcome of refugees arriving to Europe. It should be noted that properly develop cooperation of Visegrad Group at the elementary level in areas such as: environmental protection, infrastructure, transport and energy projects and tourism. An important new motivation to this cooperation is founded in 2016 EU Battle Group of the Visegrad Group with almost 4 thousand soldiers.

Funkcjonowanie Grupy Wyszehradzkiej od początku jej istnienia nie było łatwym zagadnieniem. V4 powstała, dlatego aby państwa środkowoeuropejskie integrowały się ze strukturami euroatlantyckimi w atmosferze współpracy. Niemniej była to współpraca państw, które w wielu przypadkach kierowały się odmiennymi interesami. Wewnątrz Grupy od początku nie było sympatii, z czasem jednak to się zmieniało. Od momentu przystąpienia do Unii Europejskiej w tej koegzystencji bywały momenty mobilizujące takie jak: wspólne zmagania w ramach polityki spójności, walka o unijne budżety, czy ostatnio wspólny sprzeciw wobec przyjmowania uchodźców masowo przybywających do Europy. Trzeba przy tym zaznaczyć, iż poprawnie rozwija się współpraca państw wyszehradzkich na poziomie elementarnym, w takich obszarach jak: ochro¬na środowiska, infrastruktura, wspólne projekty transportowe i energetyczne czy turystyka. Ważnym nowym impulsem w tej kooperacji jest powołana do życia w 2016 r. Grupa Bojowa Unii Europejskiej państw Grupy Wyszehradzkiej licząca prawie 4 tys. żołnierzy. ; Functioning of the Visegrad Group since its beginning was not an easy issue. V4 was established to integrate East-Central European countries into Euro-Atlantic structures in the atmosphere of cooperation. However, it was a partnership of countries which in many cases guided by different interests. From the beginning, there was no sympathy inside the Group, but over time it changed. Since joining into the European Union in this cooperation experienced moments of common mobilizing such as: a struggle under the EU Cohesion Policy, the fight for the Union budgets, and the last one position against the welcome of refugees arriving to Europe. It should be noted that properly develop cooperation of Visegrad Group at the elementary level in areas such as: environmental protection, infrastructure, transport and energy projects and tourism. An important new motivation to this cooperation is founded in 2016 EU Battle Group of the Visegrad Group with almost 4 thousand soldiers.

Autor wskazuje wybrane obszary priorytetowe polskiej prezydencji w Unii Europejskiej. W szczególnoœci analizie poddano przyszłość polityki rozszerzenia, Partnerstwa Wschodniego, polityki energetycznej Unii Europejskiej, a także kwestie polityki obrony, między innymi możliwoœci rozwoju zdolności militarnych, dyskusji nad ideą grup bojowych UE i ustanowienia wspólnego dowództwa, co wzmocni zdolnoœci planowania i prowadzenia operacji. ; The contribution refers to selected priority areas of the Polish Presidency in the EU. The topics include the future EU Financial Framework; future of the EU enlargement policy, Eastern Partnership; the EU Energy Policy and especially areas of defense policy during Presidency: development of military capabilities, with a focus on pooling and sharing and the revival of the discussion on the increase of usefulness and flexibility of EU Battle Groups and strengthening EU capabilities, reform of its command structure, in particular improvement of planning capabilities and conducting operations at strategic level.

Autor wskazuje wybrane obszary priorytetowe polskiej prezydencji w Unii Europejskiej. W szczególności analizie poddano przyszłość polityki rozszerzenia, Partnerstwa Wschodniego, polityki energetycznej Unii Europejskiej, a także kwestie polityki obrony, między innymi możliwości rozwoju zdolności militarnych, dyskusji nad ideą grup bojowych UE i ustanowienia wspólnego dowództwa, co wzmocni zdolności planowania i prowadzenia operacji. ; The contribution refers to selected priority areas of the Polish Presidency in the EU. The topics include the future EU Financial Framework; future of the EU enlargement policy, Eastern Partnership; the EU Energy Policy and especially areas of defense policy during Presidency: development of military capabilities, with a focus on pooling and sharing and the revival of the discussion on the increase of usefulness and flexibility of EU Battle Groups and strengthening EU capabilities, reform of its command structure, in particular improvement of planning capabilities and conducting operations at strategic level.

President performs his tasks mainly through the specific and politically strong body of the Security Council of the Russian Federation The Author devoted her treatise to the issues of polish presidency in the European Union. The Author pointed out the variety of factors that need to be taken into account when estimating effectiveness of this institution. Indicating the problems troubling the EU Author pointed out how Polish Presidency became coordinator of many meeting what was tremendous logistical tasks. The final element of the treatise was the analysis of opinions formulated inside Poland – their character was predictably determined by political bias.