On the Legal Status of Specified Transport Entities. ; Щодо правового статусу окремих суб'єктів транспортної діяльності
The paper deals with the current issues of the legal status of specified subjects of transport activity, as well as the directions for development of relevant transport legislation. Based on the analysis of the EU legislation, the current and perspective challenges for transport legislation are determined, the proposals on the improvement of current Ukrainian legislation are given by the authors.Investigating the topical issues of the legal status of specified subjects of transport activity, the authors highlight current trends in freight transportation, such as digitalization, platformatization and uberization (Uber Freight), and consider the emergence of new participants, such as freight exchanges, transport operators, whose activities are aimed at organizing of freight transportation and optimizing the transportation process.It is stressed in the paper that the development of private enterprising has promoted the necessary prerequisites for the emergence of new business entities in the field of transport. Currently transport organizations are predominantly business entities for all modes of transport, except the railway carrier, which is currently a state-owned entity.It is proposed to determine the legal status of the transport operator, the transport exchange in Ukrainian legislation and to differentiate it with other entities that arrange freight transportation, in particular the freight forwarders, transport agents and other entities which provide services in the transportation of goods.Summing up, the authors point out that the development of the domestic transport system in accordance with the European transport policy and the EU legislation is accompanied by the emergence of new subjects of freight transportation, the legal status of which needs to be adjusted. ; У статті висвітлюються проблемні питання правового статусу окремих суб'єктів транспортної діяльності. На основі аналізу законодавства ЄС, чинного та перспективного законодавства України про транспорт обґрунтовано пропозиції щодо регламентації правового статусу окремих суб'єктів транспортної діяльності: транспортного оператора, оператора змішаного (мультимодального) перевезення, транспортної біржі.