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International audience ; Le thème de la déségrégation, et par-delà celui de la " ville post-apartheid ", tel qu'il a été présenté et défendu par les acteurs civils et politiques au tournant des années 1990 s'est révélé une gigantesque casserole creuse dans laquelle se sont nourris l'essentiel des penseurs de la "nouvelle Afrique du Sud".

Die Bereitstellung von Wohnraum ist eines der sensibelsten Themen im heutigen Südafrika, da als Erbe der Apartheid mehr als 1,5 Mio. Wohnungen fehlen. Zentral für die Politik der neuen Regierung ist das Housing Subsidy Scheme, das aber entgegen den Intentionen vor allem aus strukturellen Gründen noch nicht zu einer Ausweitung des Wohnungsbaus geführt hat. Hierfür ist Devland am Rande Sowetos typisch. Es werden dessen Wohnungsbauformen, das Vorgehen der Regierung, die Wohnbevölkerung und das Umfeld beschrieben. Insgesamt werden die Anstrengungen der neuen Regierung begrüßt, jedoch das Fehlen einer Politik zum Bau von Mietwohnungen angemerkt. (DÜI-Wgm)

La fraction la plus nécessiteuse des Afrikaners, fortement protégée sous l'apartheid, se retrouve désormais seule face à de nouveaux problèmes quotidiens et face à une construction identitaire désuète. Comment se passe la déségrégation, assiste-t-on à de nouvelles formes de solidarité et à la renaissance de processus politiques, quels enseignements peut-on tirer de ces nouvelles étapes dans la création d'une Afrique du Sud urbaine, non raciale et populaire ? Cet article se propose d'analyser le changement de destin de groupes, certes minoritaires, mais pour qui rien ne sera jamais plus comme avant.

International audience ; Squatters and informal dwellers are no longer understood as helpless people excluded from the mainstream political economy: New research, as well as our own fieldwork in Johannesburg and Cape Town, stress the fact that they too are actors in the city. Interviews and life histories in different squatter camps such as Lenasia, Thembalihle, Kliptown and Newtown in Johannesburg, Lower Crossroads in Cape Town point to a complex story: squatters are a diverse people, of different origins, ways of life, income and income sources. They have also developed different socio-spatial strategies. We will analyse and map these strategies both statically and dynamically: Thus, squatting can of course be the result of absolute poverty, of the dire need of finding a shelter. It can also be a choice, the solution to have access to cheaper and independent accommodation or to private and family space. These strategies inform the socio-geographical environment of the squatter: different social networks are mobilised and used, different landscapes are produced in these "soft spaces", neither rural (in terms of population and activity) nor urban (distance and lack of urban services).

International audience ; Squatters and informal dwellers are no longer understood as helpless people excluded from the mainstream political economy: New research, as well as our own fieldwork in Johannesburg and Cape Town, stress the fact that they too are actors in the city. Interviews and life histories in different squatter camps such as Lenasia, Thembalihle, Kliptown and Newtown in Johannesburg, Lower Crossroads in Cape Town point to a complex story: squatters are a diverse people, of different origins, ways of life, income and income sources. They have also developed different socio-spatial strategies. We will analyse and map these strategies both statically and dynamically: Thus, squatting can of course be the result of absolute poverty, of the dire need of finding a shelter. It can also be a choice, the solution to have access to cheaper and independent accommodation or to private and family space. These strategies inform the socio-geographical environment of the squatter: different social networks are mobilised and used, different landscapes are produced in these "soft spaces", neither rural (in terms of population and activity) nor urban (distance and lack of urban services).

International audience ; Squatters and informal dwellers are no longer understood as helpless people excluded from the mainstream political economy: New research, as well as our own fieldwork in Johannesburg and Cape Town, stress the fact that they too are actors in the city. Interviews and life histories in different squatter camps such as Lenasia, Thembalihle, Kliptown and Newtown in Johannesburg, Lower Crossroads in Cape Town point to a complex story: squatters are a diverse people, of different origins, ways of life, income and income sources. They have also developed different socio-spatial strategies. We will analyse and map these strategies both statically and dynamically: Thus, squatting can of course be the result of absolute poverty, of the dire need of finding a shelter. It can also be a choice, the solution to have access to cheaper and independent accommodation or to private and family space. These strategies inform the socio-geographical environment of the squatter: different social networks are mobilised and used, different landscapes are produced in these "soft spaces", neither rural (in terms of population and activity) nor urban (distance and lack of urban services).

International audience ; Squatters and informal dwellers are no longer understood as helpless people excluded from the mainstream political economy: New research, as well as our own fieldwork in Johannesburg and Cape Town, stress the fact that they too are actors in the city. Interviews and life histories in different squatter camps such as Lenasia, Thembalihle, Kliptown and Newtown in Johannesburg, Lower Crossroads in Cape Town point to a complex story: squatters are a diverse people, of different origins, ways of life, income and income sources. They have also developed different socio-spatial strategies. We will analyse and map these strategies both statically and dynamically: Thus, squatting can of course be the result of absolute poverty, of the dire need of finding a shelter. It can also be a choice, the solution to have access to cheaper and independent accommodation or to private and family space. These strategies inform the socio-geographical environment of the squatter: different social networks are mobilised and used, different landscapes are produced in these "soft spaces", neither rural (in terms of population and activity) nor urban (distance and lack of urban services).

International audience ; Squatters and informal dwellers are no longer understood as helpless people excluded from the mainstream political economy: New research, as well as our own fieldwork in Johannesburg and Cape Town, stress the fact that they too are actors in the city. Interviews and life histories in different squatter camps such as Lenasia, Thembalihle, Kliptown and Newtown in Johannesburg, Lower Crossroads in Cape Town point to a complex story: squatters are a diverse people, of different origins, ways of life, income and income sources. They have also developed different socio-spatial strategies. We will analyse and map these strategies both statically and dynamically: Thus, squatting can of course be the result of absolute poverty, of the dire need of finding a shelter. It can also be a choice, the solution to have access to cheaper and independent accommodation or to private and family space. These strategies inform the socio-geographical environment of the squatter: different social networks are mobilised and used, different landscapes are produced in these "soft spaces", neither rural (in terms of population and activity) nor urban (distance and lack of urban services).

Access to South African cities has long been something both denied and fought for. Forced removals, ghetto and township construction have questioned the very possibility of an African urban identity. We show that an African urbanness is constituted by three different identity complexes. The first comes from the experience of the segregated city. The second has evolved later and emphasizes a political conception of identity. Finally, recent transformations of the post-apartheid city call for a new, more valid model. ; Dans un pays où l'accès à un environnement urbain a été le cadre de lourds conflits et de pratiques coercitives, la question de l'identité urbaine des Noirs sud-africains reste posée. Entre déplacements de populations, construction de townships ghettoïsants, quelle est la signification d'une quelconque appartenance à l'urbanité ? Nous montrons que cette citadinité est constituée de trois complexes identitaires. Le premier s'est formé dans la ville de la ségrégation. Le second, plus tardif, s'inscrit dans un cadre politique. Enfin, les transformations récentes de la ville post-apartheid remettent en cause les modèles proposés jusqu'alors.