Suchergebnisse

Le droit de l'environnement relatif à la compensation écologique impose aux aménageurs la restauration d'espaces naturels pour pallier les destructions induites par les projets, pour une durée illimitée. En établissant un horizon temporel perpétuel sans fixer les moyens d'y parvenir, ce droit institue un conflit de temporalités dont la résolution incombe à une administration affaiblie et à une économie de marché, celle des mesures environnementales requises pour répondre à l'obligation de restauration de la nature. Cet article examine l'expression de ce conflit dans l'arène administrative et sur le marché des services environnementaux. Il montre que les cadres temporels sont mobilisés de façon différenciée, ce qui conduit à une application hétérogène du droit, au sein de laquelle la maîtrise des rythmes du marché est prépondérante.

International audience ; Despite the expressed desire for 'evidence based policy', especially in the environmental field, many policies seem to ignore available knowledge and to put aside scientific evidence. The science-policy interface, therefore, has abundant examples showing that knowledge production and decisionmaking processes should be analysed together. In this regard, we address the question of how biodiversity scientists could participate in social and political negotiation so that scientific biodiversity knowledge becomes evidence. We use the use of Bti for mosquito control in the Camargue, South of France, as an empirical case study to examine the place of biodiversity in the decision-making process and the role of scientists supporting biodiversity conservation. We demonstrate that to become evidence, scientific knowledge has to be widely adopted by stakeholders. In that context, biodiversity scientists have to keep demonstrating impacts on biodiversity to maintain the controversy opened. They also have to propose and eventually test alternative solutions. Combining actor-network theory and strategic analysis, our approach encourages social scientists to adopt casebased long-term field studies to contribute to reflections by biodiversity scientists as they struggle to make their work impact biodiversity policy.

International audience ; Despite the expressed desire for 'evidence based policy', especially in the environmental field, many policies seem to ignore available knowledge and to put aside scientific evidence. The science-policy interface, therefore, has abundant examples showing that knowledge production and decisionmaking processes should be analysed together. In this regard, we address the question of how biodiversity scientists could participate in social and political negotiation so that scientific biodiversity knowledge becomes evidence. We use the use of Bti for mosquito control in the Camargue, South of France, as an empirical case study to examine the place of biodiversity in the decision-making process and the role of scientists supporting biodiversity conservation. We demonstrate that to become evidence, scientific knowledge has to be widely adopted by stakeholders. In that context, biodiversity scientists have to keep demonstrating impacts on biodiversity to maintain the controversy opened. They also have to propose and eventually test alternative solutions. Combining actor-network theory and strategic analysis, our approach encourages social scientists to adopt casebased long-term field studies to contribute to reflections by biodiversity scientists as they struggle to make their work impact biodiversity policy.

International audience ; Despite the expressed desire for 'evidence based policy', especially in the environmental field, many policies seem to ignore available knowledge and to put aside scientific evidence. The science-policy interface, therefore, has abundant examples showing that knowledge production and decisionmaking processes should be analysed together. In this regard, we address the question of how biodiversity scientists could participate in social and political negotiation so that scientific biodiversity knowledge becomes evidence. We use the use of Bti for mosquito control in the Camargue, South of France, as an empirical case study to examine the place of biodiversity in the decision-making process and the role of scientists supporting biodiversity conservation. We demonstrate that to become evidence, scientific knowledge has to be widely adopted by stakeholders. In that context, biodiversity scientists have to keep demonstrating impacts on biodiversity to maintain the controversy opened. They also have to propose and eventually test alternative solutions. Combining actor-network theory and strategic analysis, our approach encourages social scientists to adopt casebased long-term field studies to contribute to reflections by biodiversity scientists as they struggle to make their work impact biodiversity policy.

International audience ; Despite the expressed desire for 'evidence based policy', especially in the environmental field, many policies seem to ignore available knowledge and to put aside scientific evidence. The science-policy interface, therefore, has abundant examples showing that knowledge production and decisionmaking processes should be analysed together. In this regard, we address the question of how biodiversity scientists could participate in social and political negotiation so that scientific biodiversity knowledge becomes evidence. We use the use of Bti for mosquito control in the Camargue, South of France, as an empirical case study to examine the place of biodiversity in the decision-making process and the role of scientists supporting biodiversity conservation. We demonstrate that to become evidence, scientific knowledge has to be widely adopted by stakeholders. In that context, biodiversity scientists have to keep demonstrating impacts on biodiversity to maintain the controversy opened. They also have to propose and eventually test alternative solutions. Combining actor-network theory and strategic analysis, our approach encourages social scientists to adopt casebased long-term field studies to contribute to reflections by biodiversity scientists as they struggle to make their work impact biodiversity policy.

International audience ; Despite the expressed desire for 'evidence based policy', especially in the environmental field, many policies seem to ignore available knowledge and to put aside scientific evidence. The science-policy interface, therefore, has abundant examples showing that knowledge production and decisionmaking processes should be analysed together. In this regard, we address the question of how biodiversity scientists could participate in social and political negotiation so that scientific biodiversity knowledge becomes evidence. We use the use of Bti for mosquito control in the Camargue, South of France, as an empirical case study to examine the place of biodiversity in the decision-making process and the role of scientists supporting biodiversity conservation. We demonstrate that to become evidence, scientific knowledge has to be widely adopted by stakeholders. In that context, biodiversity scientists have to keep demonstrating impacts on biodiversity to maintain the controversy opened. They also have to propose and eventually test alternative solutions. Combining actor-network theory and strategic analysis, our approach encourages social scientists to adopt casebased long-term field studies to contribute to reflections by biodiversity scientists as they struggle to make their work impact biodiversity policy.

Acteurs d'un développement qui se veut durable, les bailleurs de fonds du développement sont invités à intégrer de nouvelles normes environnementales. L'efficacité environnementale des programmes et des projets qu'ils supportent a vocation à se renforcer. Cette évolution apparaît en partie déterminée par la teneur des relations qui se jouent entre ces institutions et les organisations non gouvernementales d'environnement. Cet article propose une typologie stratégique permettant d'analyser la pluralité de ces relations et leur impact environnemental.

Les indicateurs écologiques sont en permanence sollicités pour guider l'action publique. Cependant, si leur succès en tant qu'outil de preuve est attesté par l'omniprésence des enjeux écologiques dans l'espace publique, leur mobilisation dans le cadrage et l'accompagnement de l'action publique environnementale est moins évidente. Pour contribuer à éclairer leur rôle dans la prise en charge des enjeux écologiques, cet article suit la trajectoire de l'indicateur STOC (Suivi temporel des oiseaux communs), à travers les usages dont il fait l'objet. Il apparaît que le STOC s'est imposé par son contenu scientifique et par un processus de validation institutionnel qui fonde sa légitimité en tant qu'outil de quantification. Cette légitimité explique en partie son appropriation par les administrations centrale et déconcentrée. L'usage effectif de l'indicateur prend une forme gestionnaire relativement éloignée de l'action environnementale mais porte une dimension de résistance à un modèle de gestion sectoriel des problèmes publics. D'autre part, l'usage de l'indicateur comme élément de preuve s'accompagne, dans certains cas, d'une influence (réelle mais limitée) sur la décision et l'action à l'échelle locale.