Suchergebnisse

AbstractOne of the objectives of the newly adopted European Child Guarantee is to ensure effective and free access to at least one healthy meal each school day for all children at risk of poverty and social exclusion in Europe. However, little is known about the starting point of Member States in terms of school meal provision. This paper aims to fill this information gap. It maps the current free school meal provision in the 27 Member States, reviews existing relevant evidence to illustrate the expected impact and presents estimates of the public budget needed to meet the Child Guarantee's objective.

Abstract
Advances in measuring poverty in non-monetary terms enable governments to track social progress on ends, the things that societies value doing and being. Using a national-level regression-based empirical strategy, this research demonstrates the magnitude of previously unmeasured policy effects on material deprivation, a non-monetary indicator of poverty. We apply this methodology to a comparative microdata set covering 32 European countries and estimate the average marginal effect of a small universal income increase on material deprivation. We illustrate the impact of the income transfer from various policy angles commonly used when analyzing the poverty reduction effects of social transfers. We show how impacts vary with characteristics such as country and household deprivation levels and the type of social transfers received. The methodology enables an analysis of the redistributive impact of social transfers on non-monetary social outcomes and is also suitable for other non-monetary social outcomes such as housing deprivation and food insecurity.

In 2018, EU Member States adopted a 17-item scale to measure child deprivation and monitor progress in their fight against child poverty. This indicator will be collected in future every three years via an ad hoc module of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). Previous research has shown how deprivation measures can be implemented more efficiently and with minimal information loss using adaptive testing, at least in the context of a single country. This paper examines the scope to implement the adaptive approach in a multi-national context with wide variations in deprivation levels and potentially in cultural preferences for consumption. The paper shows that the adaptive approach works effectively in this context. Time savings of around 40 per cent can be achieved with very minimal information losses both at the EU level and at the level of each individual country. Time savings are much greater in countries with lower deprivation. The adaptive approach may therefore offer particular advantages in a multi-national context as it can provide a consistent measure for all participating countries while targeting survey time and resources where they are most needed.

In 2018, EU Member States adopted a 17-item scale to measure child deprivation and monitor progress in their fight against child poverty. This indicator will be collected in future every three years via an ad hoc module of the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC). Previous research has shown how deprivation measures can be implemented more efficiently and with minimal information loss using adaptive testing, at least in the context of a single country. This paper examines the scope to implement the adaptive approach in a multi-national context with wide variations in deprivation levels and potentially in cultural preferences for consumption. The paper shows that the adaptive approach works effectively in this context. Time savings of around 40 per cent can be achieved with very minimal information losses both at the EU level and at the level of each individual country. Time savings are much greater in countries with lower deprivation. The adaptive approach may therefore offer particular advantages in a multi-national context as it can provide a consistent measure for all participating countries while targeting survey time and resources where they are most needed.

Using the data from the 'European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions' (EU-SILC), this book reflects the results of almost 5 years of research involving data producers and data users. It aims to improve our understanding of substantive challenges facing 'Social Europe' and to contribute to the development of methods that provide new insights into the determinants and dynamics of income and living conditions. Through in-depth analyses, it enhances our knowledge of a wide range of topics: inequalities, role of social transfers, mortality risk due to poverty and social exclusion, intra-household variation in deprivation, between-country differences in housing conditions, unmet medical need, child deprivation, migrants' living conditions, as well as the dynamics of in-work monetary poverty and deprivation and of multidimensional poverty. The book also puts forward robust policy-relevant indicators in these fields, including longitudinal indicators. This volume is intended both for policy-makers and statisticians and for all those concerned about the impact of economic and social policies on people's lives and the ways in which the social dimension of Europe and its monitoring can be reinforced.

The perpetuation of poverty across generations damages lives. Drawing on a wide variety of sources and academic disciplines, along with lived experiences, this book examines why poverty is continued across generations and what needs to be done to eradicate it

In March 2017, the European Union (EU) adopted a new indicator of "material and social deprivation". This measure was developed by Guio et al (2012) and covers the entire population of the 28 EU Member States. It includes 13 deprivation items and replaces the 9-item "standard" material deprivation index adopted in 2009, by the then 27 EU countries and the European Commission, to monitor progress in the fight against poverty and social exclusion at national and EU level. Drawing on the methodology developed in the context of the 1999 "Poverty and Social Exclusion in the UK Survey", Guio, Gordon and Marlier (2012) proposed an analytical framework for producing a suitable, valid, reliable and additive deprivation measure for the EU. Their recommendations were based on analyses of the 2009 EU-SILC material deprivation module. This report extends these analyses using the 2014 EU-SILC data and demonstrates that the composition of the new material and social deprivation indicator remains optimal over a five year period of considerable socio-economic change.

This paper proposes a new measure of child material and social deprivation (MSD) in the European Union (EU) which includes age appropriate child-specific information available from the thematic deprivation modules included in the 2009 and 2014 waves of the "EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions" (EU-SILC). It summarises the main results of the in-depth analysis of these two datasets, identifies an optimal set of robust children MSD items and recommends a child-specific MSD indicator for use by EU countries and the European Commission in their regular social monitoring. In doing this, the paper replicates and expands on the methodological framework outlined in Guio et al. (2012, 2016), particularly by including additional advanced reliability tests.

In June 2010, European Union (EU) Heads of State and Government adopted a social inclusion target as part of the new 'Europe 2020 Strategy': to lift at least 20 million people in the EU from the risk of poverty and exclusion by 2020. One of the three indicators used to monitor progress towards this target is the EU indicator of severe material deprivation (MD). A main limitation of this indicator is the weak reliability of some of the items it is based on. For this reason, a thematic module on MD was included in the 2009 wave of the EU Statistics on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) survey. This article assesses the 2009 EU-SILC MD data and proposes an analytical framework for developing robust EU MD indicators. It carries out a systematic item by item analysis at both EU and country levels to identify the MD items which satisfactorily meet suitability, validity, reliability and additivity criteria across the EU. This approach has resulted in a proposed 13-item MD indicator covering some key aspects of living conditions which are customary across the whole EU covering a broad range of basic (food, clothes, shoes, etc.) as well as social (Internet, regular leisure activities, etc.) necessities.