Suchergebnisse

As a consequence of the technological and economic developments experienced in line with globalization, the competition between companies and dependency of societies to one another increased. This burdened the companies the responsibility of developing their knowledge and interest in the society in which they live and operate. Within this framework, the concept of "Institutional Social Responsibility" came into prominence as well. Companies prepare reports for the purpose of publicizing the projects they fulfill with respect to institutional social responsibility in addition to explaining their financial situations. In this study, the companies operating in BIST-30 Index in Turkey were classified on sector basis and reports indicating the projects they fulfill in accordance with the concept of institutional social responsibility were discussed and assessed.

In the second half of the twenties of the last century in the Republic of Turkey is a modernization of all structures on the basis of standardization. As a matter of principle Turkish nationalism was under the influence of the French and German nationalism. R.H. Abdulatipov defines that ethno-political conflict as a clash of differences and contradictions of interests, attitudes, especially in perception, interpretation and participation in socio-economic and political processes; their reflection in the field of ethnonational relations, use differences in this area to solve political problems. In Turkey, there are many ethnic groups and among them the most numerous are the Kurds. Ethno-political Kurdish rebellion has begun in the last century and was directed against the centralized State. Other countries provoked Kurdish issue as an ethno-political conflict, so the Turkish authorities believe that the Kurdish issue is an economic and social problem that can be solved with the help of reforms. Ethno-political conflict between Kurds and Turks continued during the Cold War. And at this time, radical nationalism became friendly with state nationalism on the basis of the struggle of communism and the Soviet Union after the collapse of the two movements separated again. The main requirement was to create Kurdish autonomy. Famous Turkish historian Kemal Karpat argues that the ethnic extant problems in Turkey in consequence of Turkish nationalism in the multicultural society. Other ethnopolitical conflict in Turkey is related to religion. Speaking of ethno-political conflicts, it should be noted that their base might lie on conflicts between religious sects of Islam. In particular, one of the conflicts is to confront Sunni and Alevi. Sunni is a recognized state religion in Turkey. That is why, from the perspective of Sunni, Alevi religion does not conform to Islam

This dissertation develops a rhetorical framework based on the Communication Theory of Identity (CTI) to study national identity as it emerges in controversies around authoritative texts. This framework is applied to a case study on the discursive negotiation of national identity in contemporary Turkey. A recent controversy around Mustafa Kemal Atatürk's Nutuk, the authoritative text of modern Turkish identity, provides an interesting case to test a CTI approach to national identity. The study illustrates the complex and subtle ways through which public and political selves can be linked to the nation. Analysis finds that political representatives may enact identities rhetorically (e.g., a parent of the nation, an intellectual, a reformer, etc) and frame their actions as identity enactments to justify their projects in the national context. In addition, within the political construction of national identity, core symbols are expressed as a set of common or unifying goals (e.g., science, democracy, etc) and are used to justify the goals that different political parties seek to instrumentalize. In this process, an authoritative text (e.g., Nutuk) can also emerge as a core symbol, providing an effective link between the individual and the community. However, the public and political individuals' differing views of core symbols (e.g., the core symbol democracy vs. hidden agenda) point to different visions of the nation, within which other nationals or political representatives may have identities ascribed to them. Thus, the study provides a point of critique for the theories of nationalism that tend to consider national identity as a self-concept of a nation and obfuscate individuals' various ways of envisioning a national identity.

This study focuses on the political and institutional influences that lead organizational decision makers to avoid terminating unsuccessful investments, even when there is competition and they have the experience and incentives to maximize profits. I examine multilevel influences on sequential investment decisions in the U.S. venture capital industry through a qualitative study of the investment process and a quantitative examination of venture capital investments between 1989 and 2004. Results show that venture capital firms become less likely to terminate investments as they participate in more rounds of financing, despite evidence that expected returns are declining over rounds. Intraorganizational politics, as well as coercive and normative pressures from co-investors and limited partners, may influence the decisions to continue or terminate investments, regardless of the expected returns. The findings suggest that organizational safeguards designed to mitigate individual biases may give rise to political and institutional influences, which may in turn undermine the effectiveness of the decision process.