This study aims to analyze the potential for SOE holdings to violate Law 5/1999. This study was conducted using a normative juridical method because the study was based on library research to obtain secondary data, sourced from primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The specification of the research was descriptive-analytical because the author described the holding of SOE and then analyzed it to see if it has the potential to cause a violation of Law 5/1999. Data analysis using a qualitative juridical method. The results of the study indicated that the process of establishing an SOE holding based on Government Regulation Number 72 of 2016, so far has not been proven to have violated Law 5/1999. However, even though Article 33 of the Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia and Article 51 of Law 5/1999 intend SOE to be able to carry out a monopoly, the establishment of an SOE holding should still be able to guarantee the rights of the public to continue to do business in a healthy manner. The government needs to immediately stipulate regulations regarding governance in holding companies to maintain a competitive, healthy, and non-monopolistic business climate.
The purpose of this research is to analyze the exclusion of monopoly by State Owned Enterprises (BUMN) based on the provisions of business competition law in the procurement of the Covid-19 vaccine by Bio Farma (Persero) Ltd. Indonesia is being hit by the Covid-19 outbreak. This condition has had a negative impact in various fields. To overcome this, one of the government's efforts is to bring in vaccines to prevent the spread, and the procurement of vaccines is given to Bio Farma Ltd. There are indications of monopoly actions in the procurement of Covid-19 vaccines by Bio Farma Ltd. This research uses the approach statute approach and conceptual approach. The technique of tracing legal materials uses field study techniques and document studies (library research), as well as study analysis is using qualitative analysis. The results of the research and the discus-sion show that the procurement process for the Covid-19 vaccine is strictly regulated by the government. Even the quantity, procurement, and distribution are coordinated by the government in this case through the assignment of SOEs (BUMN) as regulated in Presidential Regulation Number 99 of 2020 as amended by Presidential Regulation Number 14 of 2021. The results of the study show that the actions taken by SOEs (BUMN) in this case Bio Farma (Persero) Ltd in procuring the Covid-19 vaccine is included in the excluded monopoly category, because it meets the elements of the provisions in Article 50 paragraph a. Law Number 5 of 1999 concerning Prohibition of Monopolistic Practices and Unfair Business Competition.
Regulations of savings and loan cooperatives allow cooperatives to collect funds, resulting in the chance of issuing products to non-member communities. This study aimed to analyze the practice of issuing products to non-member communities by cooperatives. By highlighting the principle of membership as the specialty of cooperatives in Indonesia, it argued that issuing products to non-member communities is a deviation of cooperative's business activity. It accounted for the cooperative regulations, objectives, and principles of membership in cooperatives to the practice of issuing products to non-member communities that deviate from statutory regulations does not arise. The study used legal research derived from secondary data, among others primary legal materials, secondary legal materials, and tertiary legal materials. This study showed that the practice of issuing products to non-member communities is a deviation from statutory regulations, objectives, and membership principles in cooperatives. In the meantime, cooperatives while maintaining their identity requires all cooperative actors, the government, and the general public in preventing and following up on savings and loan cooperative practices that eliminate membership rights for service users. KEYWORDS: Cooperative Law, Cooperatives in Indonesia, Economic Democracy.
The implementation of good corporate governance (GCG) is the main foundation of companies that needs to run their business activities for a long period. Along with the development of technology and information, the implementation of GCG is increasingly needed for internet intermediary platform providers in carrying out their business activities. The implementation of GCG principles can also reduce the risk of failure in protecting privacy of personal data on the platform. The related principles are transparency, accountability, and responsibility principle by taking into account a number of laws and regulations such as Law No. 11 of 2008 as amended by Law No. of 2016 concerning Amendments to Law No. 11 of 2008 concerning Information and Electronic Transactions (ITE Law), Government Regulation No. 71 of 2019 (GR 71/2019), and Ministry of Communication and Information Regulation No. 20 of 2016. This research will use a normative juridical research method that takes into account the provisions of the legislation and other relevant documents. As a result, the implementation of GCG is not fully implemented in the case of failure in protecting privacy of personal data in internet intermediary company (PT Bukalapak), thus the legal attempt that can be applied to manifest the company's liability refers back to ITE Law, GR 71/2019, and Ministry of Communication and Information Regulation 20/2016 which are compensation and administrative sanctions.
ABSTRAKKehadiran perusahaan fintech P2P lending sebagai lembaga jasa keuangan baru membuat konsumen dapat melakukan pinjaman uang dengan mudah. Akan tetapi, keberadaan perusahaan-perusahaan tersebut justru merugikan konsumen karena cara penagihan pinjaman uang yang dilakukan tidak sesuai dengan asas keamanan dan keselamatan dalam perlindungan konsumen. Konsumen diintimidasi dan data-data pribadi disebarluaskan apabila tidak membayar tepat waktu. Tindakan tersebut tidak hanya dilakukan oleh perusahaan yang terdaftar di OJK saja, tetapi juga yang illegal. OJK dan Bareskrim Polri kesulitan untuk melakukan penegakan hukum terhadap perusahaan-perusahaan tersebut. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis-normatif dan spesifikasi penelitian berupa deskriptif analitis. Teknik pengumpulan data yang pertama dilakukan dengan cara melihat beberapa literatur-literatur, karya ilmiah sarjana, dan peraturan perundang-undangan untuk memperoleh data sekunder, serta studi lapangan berupa wawancara dengan pihak-pihak yang berkaitan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penegakan hukum dalam rangka perlindungan konsumen di sektor jasa keuangan belum optimal karena regulasi hukum yang ada untuk melindungi konsumen terhadap tindakan yang dilakukan perusahaan fintech P2P lending belum cukup baik. Dibutuhkan suatu regulasi hukum dan koordinasi yang memadai diantara pihak-pihak terkait untuk melakukan penegakan hukum dalam rangka melindungi konsumen terhadap perusahaan-perusahaan fintech P2P lending yang melanggar hak-hak dari konsumen.Kata kunci: fintech; konsumen; penegakan hukum; P2P Lending. ABSTRACTThe presence of the fintech P2P lending company as a new financial services institution has enabled consumers to borrow money easily. However, the existence of these companies is actually detrimental to consumers because the method of collecting money loans is not in accordance with the principle of security and safety in consumer protection. Consumers are intimidated and personal data is disseminated if they do not pay on time. These actions are not only carried out by companies registered with the OJK, but also those that are illegal. OJK and Bareskrim Polri have difficulties in enforcing law against these companies. This study uses a juridical-normative approach and the research specifications are analytical descriptive. The stages of research began with library research, namely data collection, theory and the opinions of legal experts. The first data collection technique was carried out by looking at a number of literatures, scholarly scientific works, and legislation to obtain secondary data, as well as field studies in the form of interviews with related parties. The results of the study indicate that the law enforcement of consumer protection in the financial services sector has not gone well with the existing legal regulations to protect consumers against billing money loans made by fintech P2P lending companies is not good enough. Thus, a legal regulation and adequate coordination between relevant parties are needed to be able to enforce the law of consumer protection against fintech P2P lending companies that violate the rights of consumers.Keyword: consumer; fintech; law enforcement; p2p lending.
ABSTRAKKeamanan dalam bertransaksi e-commerce masih kurang dikarenakan masih banyaknya kasus-kasus terkait minimnya keamanan dalam bertransaksi e-commerce. Salah satu upaya untuk meningkatkan keamanannya adalah dengan dibentuknya LSK. Namun, LSK belum dibentuk sama sekali. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui dan menganalisa upaya pembentukan Lembaga Sertifikasi Keandalan dalam mendukung kegiatan e-commerce dikaitkan dengan asas manfaat berdasarkan UU ITE di era Industri 4.0 serta perlindungan hukum terhadap konsumen dalam menggunakan jasa marketplace yang memiliki sertifikat keandalan berdasarkan UU ITE. Metode yang digunakan adalah yuridis normatif, menggunakan spesifikasi deskriptif analistis, melalui studi kepustakaan dan studi lapangan, serta teknik pegumpulan data, dilanjutkan dengan analisis data. Hasil penelitian adalah pembentukan LSK belum di upayakan oleh pemerintah Indonesia dikarenakan anggaran dan SDM yang belum memadai. Sedangkan apabila dilihat dari asas manfaat dalam UU ITE, pembentukan LSK akan menciptakan banyak manfaat untuk pelaku usaha dan konsumen dalam meningkatkan keamanan e-commerce di era industri 4.0. kemudian dengan adanya LSK, perlindungan hukum yang diberikan kepada konsumen akan lebih efektif dan efisien ketika konsumen menggunakan jasa marketplace.Kata kunci: e-commerce; industri 4.0; keamanan; LSK; sertifikasi. ABSTRACTSecurity in e-commerce transaction still not enough because there are still many cases of security in e-commerce that accur. One of the efforts is establish LSK. But until now, LSK has not been formed. Research purposes is know and analyze about the effort to form Trustmark Authorities to support e-commerce related with principle of benefit based on UU ITE in the era industry 4.0 and legal protection for consumers in using marketplace services that have trustmark based on UU ITE. The method use is juridical normative, used specification of descriptive analytical, through library research and field study, and data collection techniques, followed by data analysis. Efforts to establish Trustmark Authorities have not been carried out by Indonesian government because there is no budget yet and inadequate HR.Keyword: e-commerce; Industry 4.0; LSK; Sertification; Security.
ABSTRAK Pelayanan kesehatan merupakan salah satu upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Salah satu upaya pelaksanaan pelayanan kesehatan yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah adalah dengan dibentuknya Holding Rumah Sakit Badan Usaha Milik Negara. Pembentukan holding rumah sakit BUMN pada kenyataannya menimbulkan masalah yang dialami oleh PT Agro Medika Nusantara sebagai anak perusahaan yang menjalankan ketentuan dalam perjanjian kerjasama pengelolan rumah sakit Agro Medika Nusantara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemandirian rumah sakit Agro Medika Nusantara dalam pengelolaan rumah sakit berdasarkan perjanjian kerjasama antara PT Pertamedika dengan PT Agro Medika Nusantara dan menemukan jawaban tanggung jawab PT Pertamedika terhadap kerugian yang diderita PT Agro Medika Nusantara dalam holding rumah sakit BUMN. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah yuridis kualitatif berdasarkan data kepustakaan dlengkapi data primer yang kemudian dituliskan secara deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Perjanjian kerjasama pengelolaan rumah sakit dalam holding rumah sakit BUMN menyebabkan penerapan prinsip kemandirian good corporate governance rumah sakit Agro Medika Nusantara terganggu, salah satu dampaknya menimbulkan kerugian. PT Pertamedika tidak bertanggung jawab atas kerugian yang diderita oleh PT Agro Medika Nusantara karena PT Pertamedika hanya mengelola rumah sakit berdasarkan perjanjian kerjasama. Ketentuan dalam perjanjian kerjasama perlu ditinjau kembali untuk menyesuaikan kebijakan rumah sakit Agro Medika Nusantara agar kemandirian rumah sakit tidak terganggu dan tanggung jawab PT Pertamedika sebagai induk perusahaan terhadap kerugian yang diderita PT Agro Medika Nusantara perlu diatur secara jelas dalam perjanjian kerjasama. Kata kunci: perjanjian kerjasama; perusahaan induk; tata kelola perusahaan yang baik. ABSTRACT Public Health care services is one of the measures to enhance the public welfare. The measure in question that performed by governments is the establishment of State-owned hospital's holdings. The aforementioned establishment, in realty, has occurring problems to PT Agro Medika Nusantara as the subsidiaries for running the provision found/stated in the agreements determined by the Holding Company. This study objective is to gain the information on the independency of PT Agro Medika Nusantara as subsidiaries upon the bilateral agreement between PT. Pertamedika and PT Agro Medika Nusantara and to discover the answer of responsibility of the damage from PT Pertamedika to PT Agromedika Nusantara inside the state-owned hospital's holdings. This Research is using qualitative juridical according to the libraries data and on-fields data and then written in descriptive analytize.The outcome of the research shows that the bilateral agreement of the hospital management in state-owned hospital' holdings causing the disturbance of the application of the independency of the good corporate governance principles in Agro Medika Nusantara hospital which leads to a damage. PT Pertamedika is not deemed as liable upon the damage, since the conducts of the parent company are limited based on the agreement. The provision inside the bilateral agreement needs to be changed in order to befitting the hospitals policy where the integrity of the hospital and the parent company's responsibility upon the damage which perceived by the subsidiaries been rearranged inside the bilateral agreement. Keywords: cooperation agreement; good corporate governance; holding company.
Prevention of corruption is a reform program in legal field that has been implemented by the Indonesian government. However, there is a gap in the main objective of the prevention to restore the country's financial losses. Returning state's financial losses is not easy. There are needs of a new paradigm to maximize the return of state financial losses caused by corruption. In the United Kingdom, the Serious Fraud Office used the Deferred Prosecution Agreement to handle Rolls-Royce's alleged corruption offenses. One of the requirements is a legal compliance program that the corporation must obey. This study is a descriptive study. It employed normative juridical research type with statute and conceptual approaches, as well as legal comparison. The data was collected through literature studies before subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The results shows that the implementation of the concept of deferred prosecution on corruption crimes committed by corporations with anti-bribery management system (SNI ISO 37001: 2016) is stated in the legislation policy related to the prohibition of corruption crimes committed by corporation. Any corporations can be held criminally accountable. However, policies and regulations in Indonesia do not require corporations to follow the legal compliance program.Penerapan Konsep Perjanjian Penundaan Penuntutan terhadap Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang Dilakukan Korporasi dengan Sistem Manajemen Anti Penyuapan (SNI ISO 37001: 2016)AbstrakPencegahan tindak pidana korupsi merupakan salah satu program reformasi di bidang hukum yang telah dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Namun, terdapat kesenjangan dalam tujuan utama penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi yaitu mengembalikan kerugian keuangan negara. Dalam pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara tidak semudah yang dibayangkan, sehingga perlu adanya paradigma baru sebagai upaya untuk memaksimalkan pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi. Penanganan tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan Serious Fraud Office di Inggris terhadap korporasi Rolls-Royce dengan menggunakan Deferred Prosecution Agreement, yang mana dalam salah satu klausul nya dikehendaki, adanya program kepatuhan hukum yang wajib diikuti oleh korporasi. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif, menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan perbandingan hukum (legal comparasion). Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa Penerapan Konsep Perjanjian Penundaan Penuntutan terhadap tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan korporasi dengan Sistem Manajemen Anti Penyuapan (SNI ISO 37001: 2016) secara eksplisit telah ditetapkan dalam kebijakan legislasi terkait dengan larangan tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan oleh korporasi, dan korporasi yang melakukannya dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara pidana. Namun kebijakan dan regulasi di Indonesia tidak mewajibkan korporasi untuk mengikuti program kepatuhan hukum, dalam hal ini Sistem Manajemen Anti Penyuapan SNI ISO 37001: 2016.Kata kunci: ISO, perjanjian penundaan penuntutan, tindak pidana korupsi oleh korporasi.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v7n3.a4 ; Prevention of corruption is one of legal reform agendas that has been implemented by the Indonesian government. However, there is a gap in the main objective of the prevention to restore the country's financial losses. Returning state's financial losses is not easy. There are needs of a new paradigm to maximize the return of state financial losses caused by corruption. In the United Kingdom, the Serious Fraud Office used the Deferred Prosecution Agreement to handle Rolls-Royce's alleged corruption offenses. One of the requirements is a legal compliance program that the corporation must obey. This study conducted in a form of a descriptive study. It employed normative juridical research type with statute and conceptual approaches, as well as legal comparison. The data was collected through literature studies before subsequently analyzed qualitatively. The results show that the implementation of the concept of deferred prosecution on corruption crimes committed by corporations with anti-bribery management system (SNI ISO 37001: 2016) is stated in the legislation policy related to the prohibition of corruption crimes committed by corporation. Any corporations can be held criminally accountable. However, policies and regulations in Indonesia do not require corporations to follow the legal compliance program.Penerapan Konsep Perjanjian Penundaan Penuntutan terhadap Tindak Pidana Korupsi yang Dilakukan Korporasi dengan Sistem Manajemen Anti Penyuapan (SNI ISO 37001: 2016)AbstrakPencegahan tindak pidana korupsi merupakan salah satu program reformasi di bidang hukum yang telah dilaksanakan oleh pemerintah Indonesia. Namun, terdapat kesenjangan dalam tujuan utama penanggulangan tindak pidana korupsi yaitu mengembalikan kerugian keuangan negara. Dalam pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara tidak semudah yang dibayangkan, sehingga perlu adanya paradigma baru sebagai upaya untuk memaksimalkan pengembalian kerugian keuangan negara akibat tindak pidana korupsi. Penanganan tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan Serious Fraud Office di Inggris terhadap korporasi Rolls-Royce dengan menggunakan Deferred Prosecution Agreement, yang mana dalam salah satu klausul nya dikehendaki, adanya program kepatuhan hukum yang wajib diikuti oleh korporasi. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan jenis penelitian yuridis normatif, menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan (statute approach) dan pendekatan konseptual (conceptual approach), dan pendekatan perbandingan hukum (legal comparison). Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan, kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Penerapan Konsep Perjanjian Penundaan Penuntutan terhadap tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan korporasi dengan Sistem Manajemen Anti Penyuapan (SNI ISO 37001: 2016) secara eksplisit telah ditetapkan dalam kebijakan legislasi terkait dengan larangan tindak pidana korupsi yang dilakukan oleh korporasi, dan korporasi yang melakukannya dapat dipertanggungjawabkan secara pidana. Namun kebijakan dan regulasi di Indonesia tidak mewajibkan korporasi untuk mengikuti program kepatuhan hukum, dalam hal ini Sistem Manajemen Anti Penyuapan SNI ISO 37001: 2016.Kata Kunci: korupsi korporasi, ISO, perjanjian penundaan penuntutan.DOI: https://doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v8n2.a4
