Suchergebnisse

We conducted 2 studies (N = 86 and 248) to examine people's tendency to overestimate their personal budget. The findings support 3 hypotheses. First, about 35% of participants in our first study tended to overestimate their budget when dealing with an uncertainty goal. Second,
we found that focalism played a mediating role in this relationship. Third, in our second study we found that temporal distance positively moderated this relationship: The distant future strengthened the effect of dealing with an uncertainty goal on budget overestimation, whereas the near
future attenuated it. These findings shed light on the cause and internal mechanism of consumer budget overestimation. Theoretical and practical implications are also discussed.

Purpose
The purpose of this study is to investigate the main effect of top executive smog risk perception on green innovation and to examine the mediating role of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in the positive relationship between smog risk perception and green innovation along with the moderating role of smog knowledge.


Design/methodology/approach
A theoretical framework is developed based on the upper echelons theory to argue that top executive smog risk perception can be closely related to green innovation. Hierarchical analysis is conducted using a sample of eight firms in China.


Findings
Hypothesis testing indicates that physical health risk perception and mental health risk perception positively affect green innovation, and that these effects are positively mediated by CSR. In addition, smog knowledge moderates the relationship between physical health risk perception and green innovation.


Research limitations/implications
The findings extend current studies on green innovation by highlighting the role of top executives' perceptions beyond studying top executives' attributes. The findings suggest that top executives should actively respond to smog pollution and fulfill CSR.


Originality/value
Previous studies have suggested that top executives' demographic characteristics are the determining factors of green innovation. This empirical paper fills a gap in the literature by exploring the impact of top executive smog risk perception on green innovation within the framework of the upper echelons theory.