Thinking the peace with Kant, a practical philosophy ; Penser la paix avec Kant : une philosophie de la praxis
International audience ; Philosophy does not escape the accusations which make it a simple sterile lucubration with no real connection with practical reality. Yet Kant, from the view point of his theory of subjectivism, thought of peace as audacity of cogitation of the concrete; a philosophically thought that can truly be grasped only through action. This view point has raised the problem of the excessive formalism on the one hand and the risk of an aporia (given the correlation of ethical problems and legal and political issues) in his sense, on the other. This article therefore attempts to reconstruct the principles of Kantian political thought starting from the completeness of the whole of his work that constitutes architectural influence of the Enlightenment, to justifying its applicability. Peace being the purpose of the policy is a question of law. Kant then develops four kinds of law: the law of war; civil law; the law of men and cosmopolitan law, and justify its applicability by the "methodology of pure practical reason." It is this methodology that links theory and practice and make the Kantian politics not realpolitik like that of his critics, but a moral politics which philosophers are the custodians. The political problem thus moves from conceptual ideas to concrete possibility. Morality and politics are not separated but are distinguished in their achievement conditions. ; Résumé : La philosophie n'échappe pas à cette accusation qui fait d'elle une simple élucubration stérile, sans véritable lien avec la réalité pratique. Pourtant, Kant à partir de sa posture de théoricien du subjectivisme a pensé la paix comme audace de la cogitation sur le concret ; pensée pleinement philosophique qui ne se saisie véritablement que dans l'action. Cette posture a posé le problème de son formalisme excessif, d'une part et du risque d'une aporie dans sa pensé (vu la corrélation des problèmes éthiques et des questions juridiques et politiques) d'autre part. L'article essaie donc de reconstruire les principes de la ...