Suchergebnisse

Kønsstereotype forklaringer eller benægtelser af køns betydning blandt interviewede er fænomener, der ofte dukker op i empiriske kønsforskningsanalyser. Artiklen diskuterer, hvordan dataproduktionsprocessen kan kvalificeres, så den sikrer, at interviews giver så righoldigt et materiale, at det bliver muligt at hente indsigt i de processer, der forlener kategorien køn og institutionel og organisatorisk kønsdifferentiering med betydninger på en måde, der åbner for nye forståelser og ny indsigt. Der argumenteres for at betragte interviewsituationen som en vidensproducerende samarbejdsrelation, og der opstilles en række konkrete bud på fokuseringspunkter, analytiske værktøjer og knudepunkter i forskningsdesignet, som kan skabe et godt grundlag for en analytisk proces.

Søgeord: Kønsforskningsmetode, interviewmetodologi, dataproduktion, kønsteori, empirisk analyse.


ENGELSK ABSTRACT:
Lis Højgaard: Can Interviews Produce Knowledge – about Gender?
Gender stereotyping or denial of the significance of gender are phenomena that often surface in analysis of interviews about gender. This article discusses how the production of data can be carried out to obtain material sufficiently rich to access processes of gender production that may convey new understandings and new insights. The article argues that the interview should be viewed as a cooperative knowledge producing site. To this end, it suggests a number of focus points, analytical tools and advice on research design to facilitate the process.

Key words: Methodology of gender research, gender theory and empirical analysis, interview methodology.

Obtaining Power – power, gender and gendered actors in the political arena

The gendering of politics in Denmark is no longer manifested in large differences in representation in important political positions or in unambiguous gender specific ways of doing politics or of climbing the political hierarchy. A discourse analysis of interviews with top male and female politicians shows that gender and political are woven together in multifarious ways, while revealing gendered patterns in discursive practices. There are no sharp differences in male and female politicians' discourses on doing politics, on obtaining top positions in the political hierarchy or on gender and politics. Gendered patterns appear in the way male and female politicians combine discourses on how to get power and in their discourses on the meaning of gender in politics. The interviews revealed three discourses on how to get power: the fight, the party community and the personal stake. These represent distinct ways of characterizing the processes involved in becoming politically powerful. The interviews also revealed two main discourses on the meaning of gender: gender as an explicitly important dimension of political praxis, and gender as unimportant in relation to political praxis. The gendered agents combine these discourses in different ways, which opens different spaces of action and nego-tiation as well as different possibilities for positioning in the political field, possibilities that are reflected by a meta-discourse expressing processes of inclusion and exclusion in the field of politics.

Inge Henningsen and Lis Højgaard: The Leaking Pipeline: Snapshots of gendered processes of in- and exclusions in the academic world.

Debates on the reasons for the well documented low participation of women in scientific research tend to follow two lines of argument: one that maintains that the low percentage of women in research is a result of few women in recruitment positions and that this will change as more women enter these positions, and one that maintains that a closer look at the statistics does not support this optimism because women's percentage in recruitment positions is not increasing as the pool of potential female researchers increases, or to put it metaphorically, "the pipeline is leaking women all along" (Alper 1993). This article investigates the mechanisms perpetuating the low participation of women in academic sciences, inspired by Alper's methaphor. It begins by describing the Danish educational system and structure of science education including gender ratios in the various disciplines. Second it identifies and describes a Danish verion of 'the leaky pipeline' from analyses of the ratios of women in science from high school through tenured positions. Finally it illustrates the cultural mechanisms at play in this process, based on the results of three studies. The first two analyze the educational cultures in physics and chemistry, and the third illustrates the gendering mechanisms at work in the institutional culture of medicine. The analysis shows that there is no single cause of the problem and no single point along the career path where women are excluded. Rather more women than men are excluded at all steps on the academic ladder. The problem is no longer manifest exclusion, but rather the working of subtle mechanisms, unintended consequences and the stubborn ingenuity of the symbolic order of gender. The 'leaks' are the result of the intersection and interaction of individually mediated negotiations of cultural prescriptions of gendered subjectivity and identities, organizational understandings and procedures embedded in specific university cultures, traditional of different science disciplines, and the systemic logic and political rationale of the education and research system.

The article explores Karen Barad's theoretical framework, agential realism, to seek out theoretical perspectives that can be used as analytical approaches to empirical data. By selecting two pieces of data we aim to illustrate the analytical possibilities offered by this approach. The first piece of data stipulates an opening of 'WHAT OF' of the activities in a world of computer games: WHAT OF the myriad of real and virtual voices, sentiments and actions and their interconnections and meaning for gendered subjectification? The second piece is guided by 'WHAT IF' thinking: WHAT would we be able to see IF we brought insights from quantum physics, i.e. spacetimemattering, to the conception of thinking subjects. The examples show that agential realism offers a theoretical framework that allows access to a much wider set of enacting forces to be considered in the analysis. By reading agential realism diffractively with two different empirical examples and two different research ambitions, our attention is drawn to specificities of what the engagements may enact consequently.

I dette nummer anmeldes følgende:"Nordisk kvindelitteraturhistorie 4, På jorden.", "Til døden os skiller" (Jens Andersen) og "Tove Ditlevsen. Myte og liv" (Karen Syberg), "Feberens ville rose. Tre omsorgssystemer i tuberkulosearbeidet 1900-1960" (Ida Blom), "Det kønnede samfund" (red.: Ann-Dorthe Christensen, Anne-Birthe Ravn og Iris Rittenhofer), "En køn historie om elektronikarbejde. Kønsarbejdsdeling og ligestilling på det ikke-faglærte industrielle arbejdsmarked 1945-1993" (Vibeke Kold), "Lone Mothers in European Welfare Regimes - Shifting Policy Logics" (Jane Lewis) og "Enemorfamilien" (Maren Bak), "Accepting Population Control-Urban Chinese Women and the One-Child Family Policy" (Cecilia Nathansen Milwertz), "Kvinden er død. Hurra?" (Bente Schwartz), "Rødstrømperne 1-2. Den danske Rødstrømpebevægelses udvikling, nytænkning og gennemslag 1970-1985" (Drude Dahlerup), "Uddannelsesplanlægning som ligestillingsredskab" (Arbejdsmarkedsstyrelsens arbejdsnotat nr. 29 1998, 87 s.) og "Det hele liv" (Kvindeligt Arbejderforbunds uddannelsesindsats 1985-1997, 159 s.)