Suchergebnisse

Die erste Gesellschaftsgeschichte der Essener Mark bei Osnabrück von der Reformation bis in den Vormärz. Für die Geschichte der ländlichen Gesellschaft Nordwestdeutschlands spielten die gemeinen Marken über Jahrhunderte hinweg eine prägende Rolle. Dabei handelte es sich um ländliche Gemeingüter, in denen die Aneignung natürlicher Ressourcen von sozialen Kollektiven organisiert wurde. In den Osnabrücker Marken wirkten Akteure aus Landesherrschaft, Grundherrschaft und Bauernschaft an der gemeinschaftlichen Verwaltung und Nutzung von Wald, Weide und Heide mit. Die Fallstudie zur Essener Mark untersucht anhand archivalischer Quellen den kollektiven Umgang dieser ungleichen Akteure mit land- und waldwirtschaftlichen Ressourcen. Jonas Hübner liefert damit erstmals eine Gesamtdarstellung ländlicher Gemeingüterverwaltung und -nutzung in einem frühneuzeitlichen Markenverband vom späten 16. bis ins frühe 19. Jahrhundert. Gegenstand der Analyse sind die Kooperationen und Konflikte im Spannungsfeld von Landesherrschaft, Gutsherren und bäuerlicher Selbstverwaltung. Dabei geht es auch um die Positionierung der ständischen Akteure im Prozess der Agrarreformen, die schließlich zur Auflösung der gemeinen Marken führten.

The last contribution sums up the major results of this volume. It adopts a comparative perspective by relating the various observations to each other and by placing them in the wider context of the recent relevant literature. It makes a case for the German notion 'ländliche Gemeingüter' as an umbrella term analogous to 'rural commons' in English. The following core section of the synthesis is organised according to the analytical framework laid out in the preface. The first part deals with 'resource systems and institutional arrangements'; we then turn to 'inclusion and exclusion' and to corresponding cultures of conflict and consensus; afterwards, the political sphere in the narrow, state-centred sense is illuminated under the heading 'constitutional structures'; we close with a review of those factors which fostered or hampered 'processes of change'. In light of such considerations, we finally identify five dimensions of the study of rural commons that deserve more attention in the future: (1) language and terminology; (2) micro-dynamics and vertical interaction, especially prior to the mid-eighteenth century; (3) the effects of exclusion from common resources on conflicts and social inequality; (4) an agenda beyond the paradigms of tragedy and sustainability; (5) regional research disparities. ; The last contribution sums up the major results of this volume. It adopts a comparative perspective by relating the various observations to each other and by placing them in the wider context of the recent relevant literature. It makes a case for the German notion 'ländliche Gemeingüter' as an umbrella term analogous to 'rural commons' in English. The following core section of the synthesis is organised according to the analytical framework laid out in the preface. The first part deals with 'resource systems and institutional arrangements'; we then turn to 'inclusion and exclusion' and to corresponding cultures of conflict and consensus; afterwards, the political sphere in the narrow, state-centred sense is illuminated under the heading 'constitutional structures'; we close with a review of those factors which fostered or hampered 'processes of change'. In light of such considerations, we finally identify five dimensions of the study of rural commons that deserve more attention in the future: (1) language and terminology; (2) micro-dynamics and vertical interaction, especially prior to the mid-eighteenth century; (3) the effects of exclusion from common resources on conflicts and social inequality; (4) an agenda beyond the paradigms of tragedy and sustainability; (5) regional research disparities.