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As a distinct foreign‐policy group, neoconservatives emerged in a period of social unrest and political cynicism—a time when insurgent presidential candidates can have profound effects on the outlook and conduct of foreign policy. The George McGovern insurgency is an important historical event that was accompanied by social unrest, distrust in government, and the splintering of the Democratic Party into disparate foreign‐policy groups, including the neoconservatives. McGovern, and in particular his 1972 nomination as the Democratic Party's presidential candidate, is key to understanding the neoconservatives' disaffection with their own party. This research investigates the catalyzing and unifying effect that McGovern's 1972 run for the presidency had on those intellectuals who became neoconservatives. Taking McGovern's role into account is vital for understanding the genesis of neoconservative ideology as well as comprehending the movement's present day legacy.

AbstractOne of the most important decisions a president will make after an election is what kind of relationship he/she will have with cabinet secretaries and agency heads. Will the president be controlling or autonomy giving? George H. W. Bush created a contractor presidency, one that subcontracted management to important officials, giving them considerable freedom, making them policy entrepreneurs. Yet, when it came time to support initiatives, Bush did not back his policy entrepreneurs, which ultimately led to policy failure. Bush's approach to government is informative because of its similarities with Donald J. Trump's strategy, who also created a contractor presidency. But Trump prevented those same executives from building their own teams and gave equivocal, or even contradictory, responses to their policy initiatives. Just as Bush's unsupportive relationship with his policy entrepreneurs led to policy defeat, Trump's contradicting connection with his policy entrepreneurs also resulted in policy failure.Related ArticlesDolan, Chris J. 2008. "The Shape of Elite Opinion on U.S. Foreign Policy, 1992 to 2004." Politics & Policy 36 (4): 542‐585. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2007.00121.x/abstractHaar, Roberta. 2010. "Explaining George W. Bush's Adoption of the Neoconservative Agenda after 9/11." Politics & Policy 38 (5): 965‐990. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1747‐1346.2010.00265.x/abstract

Why does a state change its foreign policy objectives and who is responsible for instigating such change? According to Hermann, four primary change agents are central to this process: leaders, bureaucracies, changes in domestic constituencies, and external shocks. This paper argues that the Advocacy Coalition Framework (ACF) is a complementary policy process framework that can explain foreign policy change (FPC) and that accounts for all four of these primary change agents. Additionally, it is a broader framework of the policy process that facilitates a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing FPC than traditional FPC research. The ACF has the potential to broaden our understanding of FPC by emphasizing the intersection of the international system with domestic politics and focusing on a myriad of policy actors coordinating their advocacy efforts to influence FPC. To support this argument, the paper discusses how FPC can benefit from the ACF and reviews past applications. It proposes a research agenda using the ACF to study FPC and draws conclusions about future challenges and directions.

"This volume addresses how and in what capacity the European Union and its member states are able to respond to fundamental shifts occurring in global politics and are able to remain relevant for the future. The changing nature of the international system is subject to considerable contestation among scholars, with many claiming that the fundamentals of the post-war international system are being rewritten. This volume brings together prominent scholars in the field of European security to address a range of pertinent issues related to Europe's role in the context of evolving global challenges. The first section focuses on whether the EU is an actor with a strategic nature and the means to act on a global security strategy. The second section considers the institutional dynamics and the approaches at the EU's disposal to fulfil its possible intended global roles. The third section addresses Europe's most important strategic relationship-the partnership it has with the United States. This section considers the recalibration of the transatlantic relationship in light of the changing international system and the reorientation of U.S. foreign policy. This book will be of much interest to students of European Union policy, European Security policy, European foreign policy and International Relations in general"--

Schnabel, A.: Political cooperation in retrospect. Contact Group, EU, OSCE, NATO and UN working toward a Kosovo settlement. - S. 21-44. Sagramoso, D.: Why did Milosevic give in? - S. 45-59. Haynes, L.: The emergency response of NATO and humanitarian agencies. - S. 61-79. Witte, E. A.: Reconstructing Kosovo: the ethnic dimension. - S. 81-100. Haar, R. N.: The Kosovo crisis and its consequences for a European security architecture. - S. 103-126. Mitrofanova, A. V.: The military operation in Kosovo and the European security system: lessons unlearned. - S. 127-156. ... Denison, A. B.: The United States and the lessons of the Kosovo campaign. - S. 177-204. Stepanova, E.: Russia's policy on the Kosovo crisis: the limits of "cooperative peacemaking". - S. 205-229

Mostly sunny, partly cloudy: the transatlantic forecast for the next four years / Chantal de Jonge Oudraat and Michael E. Brown. - S. 4-9. - The pragmatic president: Obama's second term foreign policy / Roberta Haar. - S. 10-14. - Four more years: Presidential-congressional relations in Obama's second term / Erik A. Olsen. - S. 15-19. - Ctrl-Alt-Del? Obama recalibrates the reset with Russia / Donald Jensen. - S. 20-23. - U.S.-Israel relations in the aftermath of the elections / Ariel E. Levite. - S. 24-27