Suchergebnisse

Die Habilitationsschrift befasst sich mit der Landnutzungsdynamik in urbanen Räumen Europas, deren Analyse, Modellierung und integrierten Bewertung. In diesem Rahmen analysiert sie die treibenden Faktoren der Urbanisierung, v.a. demographische, und nutzt verschiedene räumlich im- und explizite Modellansätze zur Generierung von zukünftigen Landnutzungsszenarien. Es werden regelbasierte und sytemdynamische Modelle vorgestellt sowie zelluläre Automaten und agenten-basierte Ansätze. Im letzten Teil werden die historischen Landnutzungsmuster sowie die modellierten zukünftigen Landnutzungsszenarien hinsichtlich ihrer sozio-ökologischen Konsequenzen bewertet. Dabei werden Ansätze zur urbanen Wasserhaushaltsmodellierung, Klimaregulationsfähigkeit, Habitatbewertung und multikriteriellen Hochwasserrisikoanalyse vorgestellt. Untersuchungsraum sind die Stadtregion Leipzig-Halle sowie das Einzugsgebiet der Mulde.

AbstractCompared to technical infrastructure, nature-based solutions, NBS, strive to work with nature and to move beyond business-as-usual practices in order to address societal challenges such as flood risks. This research aims to spatially identify possible NBS areas and evaluate the areas capacity to provide selected ecosystem services, ES, for the Lahn river landscape in Germany. The research follows the functional landscape approach using hydromorphological landscape units, HLU, based on specific biophysical spatial criteria, such as slope, to then identify locations which may be considered suitable for NBS. The current ES delivery of these possible NBS areas is then evaluated. The three ES assessed are carbon storage, nutrient retention and recreation. We then undertake a geospatial comparison analysis to show the spatial relationships and patterns that emerge in regards to the ES configuration of the distinct NBS apt areas. Results show the HLU method serves to delineate and identify areas where NBS may exist or be implemented. The data depicts a distinct spatial pattern for each possible NBS space and complementary ES delivery. This explorative method is a useful spatial approach that can support NBS implementation and serve to investigate the multiple benefits NBS provide. The use of ecosystem services to compare and understand NBS is a viable prospect that must, however, be cautiously, locally and scientifically approached. Noticeable limitations regarding ES assessment remain, as available methods are often insufficiently inclusive of natural ecosystem processes and functions. Further research should assess a broader spectrum of NBS and their delivery of ES.

The economic conservation instrument of payments for ecosystem services (PES) enjoys an increasing popularity among scientists, politicians, and civil society organizations alike, while others raise concerns regarding the ecological effectiveness and social justice of this instrument. In this review article, we showcase the variety of existing PES definitions and systematically locate these definitions in the range between Coasean conceptualizations, which describe PES as conditional and voluntary private negotiations between ES providers and ES beneficiaries, and much broader Pigouvian PES understandings that also assign government-funded and involuntary schemes to the PES approach. It turns out that the scale at which PES operate, having so far received very little attention in the literature, as well as critique of PES must be considered in the context of the diversity of definitions to ensure the comparability between studies researching PES programs. Future research should better target linkages between global, regional, and local scales for the development of PES programs, while taking local collective governance systems for a sustainable use of resources into account more seriously. ; Peer Reviewed