Suchergebnisse

Explores the resurgence of religious activism and discourse in social, economic, and political sectors as manifestations of either political discontent and opposition or expressions of political legitimation by the state elite. Evaluation and analysis of revivalism, testing the validity of the crises thesis, including examples of "Islam from above" and "Islam from below."

Contemporary scholars have explained the resurgence of Islam throughout Egypt & Indonesia according to the "crises theses"; however, since the relevant research has been relatively unstructured, the validity of the theses is examined. The propositions of the crises theses are transformed into working hypotheses: (1) Illegitimate Muslim elite are more likely to turn to Islamic symbolism & religious legitimization. (2) Traditional Islam societies experiencing Westernization will experience a rise in mass Islamic consciousness. (3) The lower-middle classes are likely to unite with Islamic opposition groups in periods of economic crisis or sociopolitical estrangement. A historical analysis of the Islamic revival in Egypt & Indonesia supports the first two hypotheses & partially confirms the final one. It is concluded that more research is required to strengthen the viability of the crises theses in the Indonesian context. 46 References. J. W. Parker