Part I: Security as Systematization 13. - 1. Introduction 13. - 2. Endangering and Ordering International Relations 15. - 3. Contesting and Conditioning International Relations 37. - Part II: Genealogies of European Insecurity Politics 57. - 4. France's Troubled Post-war Years 59. - 5. Westbindung, Winning Paradigm in West Germany 74. - 6. Neutral Switzerland and the non-recognition of direct danger 87 . - 7. Gaullism as World Order Perspective 100. - 8. The West German Ostpolitik Years 120. - 9. Switzerland Embraces Collective Dangers 136 . - 10. France and the re-construction of European insecurities 151 . - 11. Unified Germany in the post-Cold War era 166. - Part III: (In-)security and the production of international relations 183 . - 12. Conclusion 185
"This book provides a framework for analysing the interplay between securitisation and foreign affairs, reconnecting critical security studies with traditional IR concerns about interstate relations. What happens to foreign policymaking when actors, things or processes are presented as threats? This book explains state behaviour on the basis of a reflexive framework of insecurity politics, and argues that governments act on the knowledge of international danger available in their societies, but that such knowledge is organised by markedly varying ideas of who threatens whom and how. The book develops this argument and illustrates it by means of various European case studies. Moving across European history and space, these case studies show how securitisation has projected evolving and often contested local ideas of the organisation of international insecurity, and how such knowledges of world politics have then conditioned foreign policymaking on their own terms. With its focus on insecurity politics, the book provides new perspectives for the study of international security. Moving the discipline from systemic theorising to a theory of international systematisation, it shows how world politics is, in practice, often conceived in a different way than that assumed by IR theory. By the same token, by depicting national insecurity as a matter of political construction, the book also raises the challenging question of whether certain projections of insecurity may be considered more warranted than others. This book will be of much interest to students of critical security studies, European politics, foreign policy and IR, in general"--
AbstractHow do urban security assemblages evolve? Scholars inspired by Deleuze's Control Thesis detect profound shifts in the ways security operates. Different to Foucault's disciplinary logics, they argue, security assemblages now rely intimately on expanding casts of policing agents, digital surveillance, and statistical knowledge(s). They reach beyond enclosures and national borders, and they challenge democratic politics ever more forcefully. Whether this general trajectory of security management holds true across the global cityscape is yet far from evident. Not only do most studies of contemporary control draw conclusions from European and North American cases exclusively. Many also reproduce and project abroad distinctively Eurocentric assumptions about state–society relations, governance, and insecurity. This article foregrounds and problematizes these penchants. It then looks at the Moroccan city of Marrakech to detail how urban security assemblages may evolve in different ways, at other speeds, and following different steering logics than what is generally set out by research on control. The article concludes with a discussion of how insights offered by places such as Marrakech contribute to more robust, analytically refined, and globally inclusive research on the contemporary politics of urban security.RésuméComment les dispositifs de sécurité urbaine évoluent-ils? Des chercheurs inspirés par la thèse sur la société de contrôle de Deleuze ont détecté de profonds changements dans les manières dont la sécurité opère. Ces chercheurs se différencient de la logique disciplinaire de Foucault en soutenant que les dispositifs de sécurité reposent maintenant étroitement sur l'élargissement de la sélection des agents impliqués dans les forces de police, la surveillance numérique et les connaissances statistiques. Ils franchissent les clôtures et les frontières nationales et remettent en question les politiques démocratiques avec toujours plus de force. Il est cependant loin d'être évident que cette trajectoire générale de la gestion de la sécurité concerne la globalité des espaces urbains. Non seulement la plupart des études du contrôle contemporain tirent exclusivement des conclusions de cas européens et nord-américains. Mais en plus de cela, nombre d'entre elles reproduisent et projettent à l'étranger des hypothèses typiquement eurocentriques sur les relations entre l'état et la société, la gouvernance et l'insécurité. Le présent article met en avant et problématise ces inclinaisons. Il examine ensuite la ville marocaine de Marrakech pour détailler dans quelle mesure les dispositifs de sécurité urbaine peuvent évoluer de différentes manières, à d'autres rythmes, et suivant des logiques d'orientation différentes de celles qui sont généralement exposées par les études sur le contrôle. Il conclut par une discussion sur la façon dont les renseignements offerts par des lieux tels que Marrakech contribuent à rendre les recherches sur les politiques contemporaines de sécurité urbaine plus solides, plus affinées sur le plan analytique et plus mondiales.Resumen¿Cómo evolucionan los grupos de seguridad urbana? Los académicos inspirados en la tesis del control de Deleuze detectan profundos cambios en las formas en que la seguridad opera. Argumentan que, a diferencia de la lógica de la disciplina de Foucault, los grupos de seguridad ahora dependen íntimamente de los modos en expansión de los agentes de vigilancia policial, la vigilancia digital y los conocimientos estadísticos. Traspasan los cercados y las fronteras nacionales y desafían la política democrática de manera cada vez más contundente. Aún no es para nada evidente si esta trayectoria general de la gestión de seguridad persiste en todo el panorama urbano global. La mayoría de los estudios del control contemporáneo no solo saca conclusiones de casos europeos y norteamericanos de manera exclusiva, sino que también muchos reproducen y proyectan en el extranjero suposiciones distintivamente eurocéntricas sobre las relaciones entre el estado y la sociedad, el gobierno y la inseguridad. Este artículo coloca en primer plano y problematiza estas inclinaciones. Luego, analiza la ciudad marroquí de Marrakech para detallar de qué manera los grupos de seguridad urbana pueden evolucionar de diferentes maneras, a otras velocidades, y siguiendo diferentes lógicas de vigilancia que las que generalmente se presentan a través de la investigación sobre el control. El artículo finaliza con un debate sobre cómo los conocimientos que ofrecen los lugares como Marrakech contribuyen a investigaciones más sólidas, perfeccionadas en términos analíticos y globalmente inclusivas sobre la política contemporánea de la seguridad urbana.
In the view of some Deleuzian scholars, societal steering evolved from analogue disciplining of static enclosures into network-centric, privatized, digital, and global control. This article re-engages the control thesis from a decidedly empirical security studies perspective. In the age of globalization and urbanization, technological innovation and liberal policy ideals, how are security apparatuses reorganized, and in what relations do they stand to local societal and political orders? The article argues that the Deleuzian framework indeed proposes an impressively rich, integrative, and topical research agenda—but also that its security studies applications can benefit from further development. With a view to vindicating its analytical potential, the article first systematizes the control thesis. It then employs a spatial and empirical heuristic to inquire into the securing of three distinct urban spaces—a site of mobility, a public square, and a place of mass commerce—and to illustrate the actual (re-)configuration of contemporary security management. Forgoing articulation of universalisms about societal steering, the article makes the case for more nuanced engagements with security ensembles, their technological evolution, and their relations with democratic ideals, globalization, and de-territorialization, both in and beyond Western polities. ; ISSN:1749-5679 ; ISSN:1749-5687
In: Journal of risk research: the official journal of the Society for Risk Analysis Europe and the Society for Risk Analysis Japan, Band 15, Heft 7, S. 801-815
Die heutigen sicherheitspolitischen Debatten und Untersuchungen werden zunehmend von neuen Gefahrenkonzepten geprägt. Während Begrifflichkeiten wie Sicherheit und Bedrohung früher als dominante Leitideen galten, so werden Gefährdungen heute vermehrt anhand der neuen Konzepte Risiko, Verwundbarkeit und Resilienz untersucht. Welchen Mehrwert liefern diese neuen Begriffe in der Sicherheitsanalyse? Dieses Factsheet definiert die Ansätze dieser drei Begriffe, beschreibt ihre Herkunft und vergleicht sie miteinander. Gleichzeitig hinterfragt das Factsheet die Nutzen und Effekte dieser neuen Gefahrenkonzepte kritisch. Ziel des Factsheet ist zu hinterfragen, wie die drei neuen Gefahrenkonzepte neue Politikperspektiven eröffnen, aber auch wie sie diese analytisch in bestimmte Bahnen lenken.