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Cover -- Front matter -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- List of Figures -- List of Tables -- Preface -- Introduction -- Part I Metamorphosis of a Party into a System -- Chapter 1 Paths to Political Capture and Institutionalized Corruption in Hungary, 2010-2021 -- System Evolutions in Comparative Perspective -- Political-Economic Context of Systemic Evolution -- From Political Dominance to Political Capture -- Diffusion of Political Capture into Autonomous National, Local, and Grassroots Institutions -- Expansion of Forced Resource Redeployment Through the Diffusing Channels of Political Capture -- Diffusing Channels as Avenues of Institutionalized Corruption Using Forced Resource Redeployment -- The Political-Economic Elite Nested in the Network of Institutionalized Corruption -- Domestic and External Factors Fueling Persistent Systemic Evolution and Self-Reproduction -- Conclusions -- Part II Reproduction Through Redistribution -- Chapter 2 Redistribution and Integration -- Introduction -- Welfare Redistribution, Social Integration, and Inequalities -- Project-Based Redistribution -- Recombinant Redistribution -- Conclusions -- Chapter 3 Cronyism in the Orbán Regime: An Empirical Analysis of Public Tenders, 2005-2021 -- Introduction -- Literature -- Data and Indicators -- The Orbán Regime and MGTS+ Companies: Descriptive Statistics -- Models and Estimations -- Conclusions -- Annex 3.1 -- Annex 3.2 -- Chapter 4 Political Connectedness under Fidesz Governments and the Case of Mészáros Group of Companies -- Introduction -- Methodology: Data Collection and Processing -- Fidesz-Connected Entrepreneurs on the List of the 100 Wealthiest Hungarians -- Regulatory and Procurement Advantages or Favors -- Lőrinc Mészáros: Family and Business -- Summary and Open Questions -- Appendix -- Summary -- List of Authors.

The aim of this paper is to analyse the role of media and journalists in uncovering of corruption cases in Hungary. How does the Hungarian media deal with corruption cases and how do the structure of political polarization and ownership structure of Hungarian media influence this special activity of journalists? The paper consists of two parts describing the relation between the corruption and media in Hungary from two perspectives. In the first section we present four particular Hungarian corruption cases by briefly describing their background and analysing thoroughly the role of media in the outbreak of these scandals. The cases were selected in order to be able to explain the function of the Hungarian press, especially its investigative departments. The second part of the study focuses on the general nature of the Hungarian press with special emphasis on investigative journalism. The aim of this chapter is to provide insights into the Hungarian media market and its influencing factors. The cases of the first section are often quoted to make the findings more illustrative. At the end of the paper we summarize the main lessons from this analysis. The study is based on eight semi-structured interviews with leading investigative journalists and one with a media expert in Hungary. The results of the fieldwork were processed anonymously; the conversations were not recorded. We subsequently analysed the articles and documents using the Google and other applications and databases3 related to the topic. The findings related to people, organizations or news outlets that are based on publicly available sources are indicated in the footnotes.

Foreword -- Foreword -- Preface -- Acknowledgment -- Classic approaches and novel trends in project risk management / Constanta-Nicoleta Bodea, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Centre for Industrial and Services Economics, Romania, Augustin Purnus, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania, Martina Huemann, WU Vienna University of Economics & Business, Austria, Miklos Hajdu, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary -- Approaches and theories -- Coping better with the project́s unknown unknowns : new competences for overcoming uncertainty in projects / Yvonne Gabriele Schoper, HTW Berlin, Germany, Fritz Böhle, ISF München, Germany -- Eckhard heidling, isf münchen, germany -- Integrating sustainability into project risk management / Gilbert Silvius, LOI University of Applied Sciences, Leiderdorp, Netherlands -- Project risk management : a chinese perspective / Anbang Qi, Nankai University, Tianjin, China -- Lixia zheng, tianjin, china -- Systemic risk management : a practice approach to the systemic management of project risk / Steve Raue, The Systemic Excellence Group, Berlin, Germany, Louis Klein, The Systemic Excellence Group, Berlin, Germany -- Methods and cases -- Challenge or potential? risk identification in the context of sustainable development / Martina Huemann, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria, Claudia Ringhofer, WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Vienna, Austria -- Easier identification of risks and uncertainties with project risk constellations / Ursula Kopp, University of Applied Sciences Upper Austria, Austria -- Value-based project risk management process for professionals / Tamas Toth, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary, Zoltan Sebestyen, Budapest University of Technology and Economics, Budapest, Hungary -- On using monte carlo simulations for project risk management / Cristiana Tudor, Bucharest University of Economics, Bucharest, Romania, Maria Tudor, Bucharest University of Economics, Bucharest, Romania -- Managing risks in the innovation projects in the services sector : a case study for the mobile communication / Stelian Stancu, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, Centre for Industrial and Services Economics, Romanian Academy of Science -- The internalization of attention at 28,000 feet : revisiting the k2 2008 disaster / Elmar Kutsch, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire, UK -- Perspectives -- Risks in project marketing / Rodney Turner, SKEMA Business School and Politecnico di Milano, Italy -- Educating project managers to deal with project risks : improvement of the educational programmes design by using curriculum management systems / Radu-Ioan Mogos, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Bucharest, Romania, Constanta-Nicoleta Bodea, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Centre for Industrial and Services Economics, Bucharest, Romania, Stelian Stancu, Bucharest University of Economic Studies, Centre for Industrial and Services Economics, Bucharest, Romania, Augustin Purnus, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania, Maria-Iuliana Dascalu, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Romania -- Using a knowledge-based approach for fostering the use of risk management in construction projects / Alfredo Federico Serpell, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile -- Project portfolio risk management : managing risk in case of investment portfolio / Nicolae Postvaru, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, Romania, Bogdan Leonte, Technical University of Civil Engineering of Bucharest, Romania -- Financial risk management: an introduction / Rares Stoian, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania, Mirela Madalina Stoian, Technical University of Civil Engineering, Bucharest, Romania -- Compilation of references -- About the contributors -- Index

The article presents and summarizes some results from extensive cross-national content analysis of media coverage of corruption. The authors examined a sample containing 12,742 articles published in France, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Romania, Slovakia and the United Kingdom from 2004 to 2013. A limited number of studies have been done thus far to reveal how the media deals with corruption cases in certain countries, and cross-national comparative analyses are exceedingly scarce. The core focus of the study is to reveal the significant differences in the corruption cases covered by the media according to the countries under analysis. We assume that some differences exist between the media coverage of corruption in the new and the old European Union member states and also that by classifying countries into groups based on their perception of the level of the corruption, some dissimilarities will be revealed between them. We conclude that the distinction between countries based on whether they are old or new European Union members does not wholly determine the nature of reporting on international or national corruption cases, for example, Italy was more similar to the old European Union member states in this sense. Considering the level of institutionalization of corruption cases, Italy appears to be more similar to the other old European Union members, but we should clarify that differences based on this feature of the cases are not clearly highlighted in the interaction model. However, if we use the variable perceptions of corruption to classify countries, we find that countries with a 'cleaner' environment (the United Kingdom, France) place more focus on reporting corruption cases in the international arena.

Coverage of corruption in the Hungarian media was analysed for four online news portals, Magyar Nemzet Online (short name: MNO, web: mno.hu), Népszava (web: nepszava.hu) and Heti Világgazdaság (web: hvg.hu) and Origo (web: origo.hu). The first three have both online and printed versions. MNO is considered a centre-right elite/general portal, HVG may be considered a center-left, economics-focused newspaper, while Népszava is a centre-left elite/general medium. Origo does not have a precise political affiliation; it is considered here a neutral, tabloid-like portal due to its variety of entertainment-focused content, but it has a more professional journalistic style than most tabloids, especially in the case of political (domestic and international) articles. In the following section we describe the news portals separately, but refer to the typologies by political affiliation and by media typology.