Suchergebnisse

<p>W dniu 2 marca 1953 r. Prezes Rady Ministrów ustalił nową procedurę rekrutacji kandydatów na studia wyższe. Aby podjąć studia wyższe, absolwenci szkół średnich musieli uzyskać pozytywną opinię od władz administracyjnych w swoim powiecie. Władze komunistyczne kierowały do uczelni wyższych młodzież pochodzenia chłopskiego i robotniczego. Młodym ludziom, uznanym za "obcych klasowo", uniemożliwiano podjęcie studiów. Procedura ta obowiązywała do 1956 r. W artykule przedstawiono proces rekrutacji kandydatów na studia w latach 1950–1953 w realiach województwa zielonogórskiego.</p>

In the result of the shift of borders, occurring after World War II, the Republic of Poland lost its south-eastern provinces in favour of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (UkSSR). Nevertheless, a significant Ukrainian minority, estimated between 500 and 700 thousand, remained within the borders of Poland. In addition, a significant number of Poles remained on the Soviet side. On September 9th, 1944, Polish communist government and the government of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic concluded an agreement on the relocation of people.Officially,the relocation was supposed to be voluntary. In September 1945 the Polish army, against the provisions of the agreement of September 9th, 1944, started forced displacement of the Ukrainian population to UkSSR. The dislocation of the Ukrainian population to the USSR lasted till the late 1946's. Throughout 1944-1946, 488,057people were dislocated from Poland to Ukraine. At the same time 787,674people moved from Ukraine to Poland. In order to avoid dislocation to the Soviet Ukraine, some Ukrainians moved to the Carpathian Mountains, and sought refuge in Czechoslovakia. Czechoslovak army and security services caught refugees and deported them back to Poland.
Keywords: Poland, Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, the relocation of people, Czechoslovakia

The aim of the publication is to present the history of the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UIA) company, whose commander was Roman Hrobelski (pseudonym "Brodycz") in 1946-1947. The company was founded in 1944. It was part of the battalion commanded by Wasyl Mizerny (pseudonym "Ren"). The first commander of the company was a partisan named "Jar". In the summer of 1945, Franc Hryhorowycz (pseudonym "Didyk") took over the command. In April 1946, Roman Hrobelski was established as the new commander. In October 1946, the company of "Brodycz" moved to the area of Gorlice and Nowy Sącz poviats. In the new area of operation, the company of "Brodycz" operated until September 1947. Roman Brodycz's unit became the westernmost fighting unit of the UIA. The partisans survived the winter of 1946/1947 peacefully. The local Ukrainian population supplied them with food. The Polish communist authorities were primarily occupied with fighting the Polish anti-communist underground, which was active in the Gorlice and Nowy Sącz poviats. In 1947, however, the Polish underground was destroyed. The communist authorities directed large forces of the army and security organs against the UIA. In order to avoid manhunts organized by the Polish army, the "Brodycz" company often crossed the border cordon to the Czechoslovak side. In April 1947, Operation "Wisła" began. The Ukrainian population was displaced from their villages, deported to the western and northern territories of the Polish state and resettled forcibly in large dispersion. In June 1947, Operation "Wisła" also covered the poviats of Gorlice and Nowy Sącz. The Ukrainian population was almost completely displaced from this area. The deportation of the Ukrainian population deprived the branch of the company of "Brodycz" facilities. In September 1947, Roman Hrobelski's unit attempted to move to the West. During the passage through Czechoslovakia, 34 partisans were captured or killed. 53 partisans from the "Brodycz" company reached the West.