Suchergebnisse

The aim of this research is to show the economic activity of the Priangan people during the rule of the Netherlands Indies Government between 1900-1940. The research focusses on the economic policies and discussions from the Netherlands Indies Government in reforming "native" economic life and its response by Priangan society. This study uses the historical method with four research stages, namely heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography. The result of this research shows that state intervention in the local economic life was a failure, evidenced by the number of Priangan people in poverty. In the early twentieth century, sikep (landlord) became major reformers due to a new perspective that valued capital more than land . They succeeded to use their capital to develop micro industries, influencing the economic life of Priangan society. The society was able to creatively adapt to the new policy of economic liberalism. Based on their local wisdoms, the Priangan people created a new form of liberalism supported within their socio-cultural, economic, and political structures. This local liberalism formed the pattern of dynamic economic behaviour and nurtured the entrepreneurial spirit amongst the Priangan society.

The research explore the views, knowledge, and beliefs of the Indonesian people on money, debt, and credit. This study tries to explain the Javanese's and Madurese's conception shift about money and debt in their economical life, especially (1) The conception of the Madurese and Javanese people on money and debt culture. (2) The conception shift in using of money and debt culture. (3) The factors that is influencing conception shift about money and debt culture. The research employs of historical methods. The research material here include both primary and secondary sources. Primary sources collection by interviews (the oral history technique). Secondary sources consist of published materials, research reports, and newspaper, which are relevant to the subject under consideration. The research concludes that there are same conception among the two ethnic group on money, and debt cultural in the former Besuki Residency. The money used for economic, social, politics, and religious. There for, the active role of government is important to direct the people to adopt the formal credit pattern of life by involving prominent formal and informal figures. Penelitian ini mengeksplorasi pandangan, pengetahuan, dan keyakinan masyarakat Indonesia pada uang, utang, dan kredit. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menjelaskan bagaimana pergeseran konsepsi orang Jawa dan Madura tentang uang dan utang dalam kehidupan ekonomi mereka, terutama (1) Konsepsi-orang Madura dan Jawa pada uang dan budaya utang. (2) Bagaimana perubahan konsepsi mereka dalam menggunakan uang dan budaya utang. (3) Apa faktor untuk mengubah konsepsi mereka pada budaya utang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah. Bahan penelitian di sini termasuk sumber primer dan sekunder. Koleksi utama sumber dengan observasi dan wawancara (teknik sejarah lisan). sumber sekunder terdiri dari bahan diterbitkan, laporan penelitian, dan koran, yang relevan dengan subjek yang sedang dipertimbangkan. Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa ada konsepsi yang sama di antara dua kelompok etnis pada uang, dan utang budaya di bekas Karesidenan Besuki. Uang yang digunakan untuk ekonomi, sosial, politik, dan agama. Ada untuk, peran aktif pemerintah sangat penting untuk mengarahkan orang-orang untuk mengadopsi pola kredit formal hidup dengan melibatkan tokoh-tokoh formal dan informal yang menonjol.

This article examines the dynamics of power relations in the Brantas River sand mining and its influences on the fate of the most important river of East Java. By relying on archival sources, contemporary newspapers, and oral history interviews, it is argued that the Brantas river crisis occurred due to the acceleration of sand extractions facilitated by improved extraction technology in the form of mechanical sand extracting machines and the growing demand for sand for infrastructure development. Automated sand mining caused damage to infrastructure and settlements in various places along the river from downstream areas that continue to creep upstream, as well as the loss of biodiversity richness. The search for a solution has been going on for some time but failed to stop mining and bring the Brantas River out of the crisis. The failure occurred not because of the absence of a legal protection, but the difficulty of implementing regulations in the field due to the involvement of unscrupulous officials and politicians in the Brantas sand business, as well as the temptation of large and comfortable profits from mining that lured sand miners amid the limited available alternative sources of livelihood. Artikel ini membahas dinamika relasi kuasa dalam penambangan pasir Sungai Brantas dan pengaruhnya terhadap nasib sungai terpenting di Jawa Timur in. Dengan mengandalkan sumber arsip, surat kabar kontemporer, dan wawancara sejarah lisan, diargumentasikan bahwa krisis sungai Brantas terjadi karena percepatan ekstraksi pasir yang difasilitasi oleh perubahan teknologi ekstraksi dalam bentuk mesin diesel penyedot pasir mekanis dan meningkatnya permintaan akan pasir untuk pengembangan infrastruktur. Penambangan pasir mekanis menyebabkan kerusakan infrastruktur dan permukiman di berbagai tempat di sepanjang sungai dari daerah hilir yang terus merambat ke hulu, serta hilangnya kekayaan keanekaragaman hayati. Pencarian solusi telah berlangsung selama beberapa waktu, tetapi gagal menghentikan penambangan dan membawa Sungai Brantas keluar dari krisis. Kegagalan itu terjadi bukan karena tidak adanya payung hukum, tetapi kesulitan menerapkan peraturan di lapangan karena keterlibatan pejabat dan politisi yang tidak bermoral dalam bisnis pasir Brantas, serta godaan keuntungan besar dan mudah dari penambangan. memancing para penambang pasir di tengah sumber mata pencaharian alternatif yang tersedia terbatas.Â