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Weber's legitimacy theory has been diffused widely throughout the corporate and political context but not to thesporting world. This paper adopts Weber's legitimacy theory to better understand the context of Australian sport,particularly as it relates to soccer's standing in the culture. For the majority of its Australian existence, soccer wasnot part of the mainstream, and academic and other writing has labelled it illegitimate. However, despiteappropriating the illegitimacy label, no theoretical model has been applied to the assertion. Weber's Theory ofLegitimacy depicts three types of legitimacy; charismatic, legal/rational and traditional. This qualitative researchutilized interview data collected from a purposive sample (N=22) of the influential people who determined soccer'slegitimacy as a result of the sport's restructure in 2003, through to the nationally acclaimed triumph of winning themen's Asian Cup in 2015. The data was then compared against Weber's theory to better understand soccer'stransformation, showing that Australian soccer was legitimised by the recruitment and leadership of Frank Lowy(charismatic), the intervention of the Federal Government (legal/rational) and the inter-generational growth of thesport's popularity and participant base (traditional). This paper not only attempts to theorise Australian soccer butalso raises some important questions regarding Australian soccer studies in general.

A major challenge for agencies operating in many conflict and post-conflict environments is the lack of regular access to displaced communities and project sites due to insecurity. In environments where the level of risk limits the ability to monitor, the options for humanitarian actors are normally either to reduce operations or accept the consequences of minimal oversight. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractThe article provides a brief overview of the scale and characteristics of Iraq's refugee population as well as their protection and assistance needs in asylum countries. It also reviews their relative impact on neighbouring states and the sustainability of recent returns.

The article provides a brief overview of the scale and characteristics of Iraq's refugee population as well as their protection and assistance needs in asylum countries. It also reviews their relative impact on neighbouring states and the sustainability of recent returns. Adapted from the source document.

Seven months after over 100 country representatives gathered in Geneva to address the Iraq displacement crisis, the humanitarian situation has markedly deteriorated. Expectations that highlighting the burdens of Iraq's neighbours would result in financial and political support have been dashed. Support provided -- relative to humanitarian needs -- has been negligible. Adapted from the source document.

Over three million Iraqis are currently internally displaced or have left Iraq, with possibly one million of these having been displaced since the February 2006 Samarra bombings. Refugees, IDPs & host communities have exhausted their resources. Donors are unresponsive to their needs & governments oblivious to the likely secondary displacement to Europe & further afield. Adapted from the source document.

Incessant violence across much of Iraq's central & southern regions is forcing thousands of people to leave their homes every month. The international community is facing a much larger & more complex humanitarian crisis than anyone could have anticipated. After the military intervention of March 2003 there were hopes that large numbers of Iraqi expatriates & refugees would return & contribute to Iraq's reconstruction & development. Between 2003 & 2005, some 325,000 Iraqi refugees did indeed return. Since 2005, however, the trend has reversed. Spiralling sectarian, political & criminal violence, dwindling basic services, loss of livelihoods, inflation & uncertainty about the future have discouraged many Iraqis from returning & spurred the flight of hundreds of thousands to destinations within & beyond Iraq's borders. The flight of Iraqis has become the largest forced displacement in the history of the Middle East - exceeding that experienced during the Palestinian exodus of 1948. Adapted from the source document.

AbstractIn this article, we explore a few ways in which the age‐old impulse to gamble has evolved into a global force. We start out by critically summarizing historical and foundational thinking on gambling in society, and then move into contemporary perspectives on the gambling act. We then focus upon two important actors in these global stages: 'the house' (the businesses that profit from gambling) and 'the players' (the individuals who, for the most part, do not). These explorations highlight the ways in which the globalization of gambling has been characterized by homogenizing trends as well as resistance to homogenization forces.

Justice on hold: accountability and social reconstruction in Iraq / Eric Stover, Miranda Sissons, Phuong Pham and Patrick Vinck S. 5-28 Occupation in Iraq since 2003 and the powers of the UN Security Council / Robert Kolb. - S. 29-50 International humanitarian law and its implementation in Iraq / Zouhair Al Hassani. - S. 51-70 Suicide attacks and Islamic law / Muhammad Munir. - S. 71-89 Human rights in Iraq's transition: the search for inclusiveness / John P. Pace. - S. 91-117 The ethos-practice gap: perceptions of humanitarianism in Iraq / Greg Hansen. - S. 119-136 Crossing the desert - the ICRC in Iraq: analysis of a humanitarian operation / Daniel Palmieri. - S. 137-152 A neutral, impartial and independent approach: key to ICRC's acceptance in Iraq / Karl Mattli and Jörg Gasser. - S. 153-168 Iraq's refugees: ignored and unwanted / Andrew Harper. - S. 169-190