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Intro -- SEAFOOD FRAUD AND SAFETY: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES -- SEAFOOD FRAUD AND SAFETY: BACKGROUND AND ISSUES -- CONTENTS -- PREFACE -- Chapter 1 SEAFOOD MARKETING: COMBATING FRAUD AND DECEPTION -- SUMMARY -- FRAUDULENT OR DECEPTIVE PRACTICES -- Mislabeling or Substituting Species -- Common Names of Fish -- Country-of-Origin Labeling -- Low Weights or Undercounting -- Over-Treating or Added Water Weight -- Altered Color -- Transshipment to Avoid Import or Customs Duties -- INDUSTRY INITIATIVES -- CURRENT LAW AND CONGRESSIONAL INTEREST -- Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act -- Fair Packaging and Labeling Act -- State Regulation of Seafood Labeling -- Customs and Border Protection -- CONCLUSIONS -- End Notes -- Chapter 2 SEAFOOD FRAUD: FDA PROGRAM CHANGES AND BETTER COLLABORATION AMONG KEY FEDERAL AGENCIES COULD IMPROVE DETECTION AND PREVENTION -- WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY -- WHAT GAO RECOMMENDS -- WHAT GAO FOUND -- ABBREVIATIONS -- RESULTS IN BRIEF -- BACKGROUND -- CBP AND NMFS TAKE A VARIETY OF ACTIONS TO DETECT AND PREVENT SEAFOOD FRAUD, WHILE FDA TAKES FEW ACTIONS RELATED TO SEAFOOD FRAUD -- CBP Takes a Variety of Actions to Detect Schemes to Falsify Import Information and Thereby Avoid Paying Import Duties -- NMFS's Voluntary, Fee-for-Service Seafood Inspection Program Helps Industry Detect and Prevent Seafood Fraud -- FDA Considers Economic Issues a Low Priority Compared with Health and Safety Issues, but It Has Incidentally Identified Instances of Seafood Fraud -- LIMITED COLLABORATION EXISTS AMONG THE KEY AGENCIES RESPONSIBLE FOR DETECTING AND PREVENTING SEAFOOD FRAUD -- CBP, NMFS, and FDA Have Not Taken Any of the Key Steps to Develop an Enhanced Collaborative Working Relationship Related to Detecting and Preventing Seafood Fraud -- CBP, NMFS, and FDA Are Missing Opportunities to Share Information to Better Detect and Prevent Seafood Fraud