Abstract While low back pain (LBP) may persist or recur over time, few studies have evaluated the individual course of LBP over a long-term period, particularly among older adults. Based on data from the longitudinal Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) study, we aimed to identify and describe different LBP trajectories in older men and characterize members in each trajectory group. A total of 5,976 community-dwelling men (mean age=74.2) enrolled at six US sites were analyzed. Participants self-reported LBP (yes/no) every 4 months during a maximum of 10 years. Latent class growth modelling was performed to identify unique LBP trajectory groups that explained variation in the LBP data. The association of baseline characteristics with trajectory group membership was assessed using univariable and multivariable multinominal logistic regression. A five-class solution was chosen; no/rare LBP (n=2442/40.9%), low frequency–stable LBP (n=1040/17.4%), low frequency-increasing LBP (n=719/12%), moderate frequency-decreasing LBP (n=745/12.5%) and high frequency–stable LBP (n=1030/17.2%). History of falls (OR=1.52), history of LBP (OR=6.37), higher physical impairment (OR=1.51-2.85) and worse psychological function (OR=1.41-1.62) at baseline were all associated with worse LBP trajectory groups in this sample of older men. These findings present an opportunity for targeted interventions and/or management to older men with worse or increasing LBP trajectories and associated modifiable risk factors, to reduce the impact of LBP and improve quality of life.
In: Côté , P , Bussières , A , Cassidy , J D , Hartvigsen , J , Kawchuk , G N , Leboeuf-Yde , C , Mior , S , Schneider , M , Aillet , L , Ammendolia , C , Arnbak , B , Axen , I , Baechler , M , Barbier-Cazorla , F , Barbier , G , Bergstrøm , C , Beynon , A , Blanchette , M A , Bolton , P S , Breen , A , Brinch , J , Bronfort , G , Brown , B , Bruno , P , Konner , M B , Burrell , C , Busse , J W , Byfield , D , Campello , M , Cancelliere , C , Carroll , L , Cedraschi , C , Chéron , C , Chow , N , Christensen , H W , Claussen , S , Corso , M , Davis , M A , Demortier , M , De Carvalho , D , De Luca , K , De Zoete , A , Doktor , K , Downie , A , Du Rose , A , Eklund , A , Engel , R , Erwin , M , Eubanks , J E , Evans , R , Evans , W , Fernandez , M , Field , J , Fournier , G , French , S , Fuglkjaer , S , Gagey , O , Giuriato , R , Gliedt , J A , Goertz , C , Goncalves , G , Grondin , D , Gurden , M , Haas , M , Haldeman , S , Harsted , S , Hartvigsen , L , Hayden , J , Hincapié , C , Hébert , J J , Hesby , B , Hestbæk , L , Hogg-Johnson , S , Hondras , M A , Honoré , M , Howarth , S , Injeyan , H S , Innes , S , Irgens , P M , Jacobs , C , Jenkins , H , Jenks , A , Jensen , T S , Johhansson , M , Kongsted , A , Kopansky-Giles , D , Kryger , R , Lardon , A , Lauridsen , H H , Leininger , B , Lemeunier , N , Le Scanff , C , Lewis , E A , Linaker , K , Lothe , L , Marchand , A A , McNaughton , D , Meyer , A L , Miller , P , Mølgaard , A , Moore , C , Murphy , D R , Myburgh , C , Myhrvold , B , Newell , D , Newton , G , Nim , C , Nordin , M , Nyiro , L , O'Neill , S , Øverås , C , Pagé , I , Pasquier , M , Penza , C W , Perle , S M , Picchiottino , M , Piché , M , Poulsen , E , Quon , J , Raven , T , Rezai , M , Roseen , E J , Rubinstein , S , Salmi , L R , Schweinhardt , P , Shearer , H M , Sirucek , L , Sorondo , D , Stern , P J , Stevans , J , Stochkendahl , M J , Stuber , K , Stupar , M , Srbely , J , Swain , M , Teodorczyk-Injeyan , J , Théroux , J , Thiel , H , Uhrenholt , L , Verbeek , A , Verville , L , Vincent , K , Dan Wang , A L , Weber , K A , Whedon , J M , Wong , J , Wuytack , F , Young , J , Yu , H & Ziegler , D 2020 , ' A united statement of the global chiropractic research community against the pseudoscientific claim that chiropractic care boosts immunity ' , Chiropractic and Manual Therapies , vol. 28 , no. 1 , 21 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s12998-020-00312-x
Background: In the midst of the coronavirus pandemic, the International Chiropractors Association (ICA) posted reports claiming that chiropractic care can impact the immune system. These claims clash with recommendations from the World Health Organization and World Federation of Chiropractic. We discuss the scientific validity of the claims made in these ICA reports. Main body: We reviewed the two reports posted by the ICA on their website on March 20 and March 28, 2020. We explored the method used to develop the claim that chiropractic adjustments impact the immune system and discuss the scientific merit of that claim. We provide a response to the ICA reports and explain why this claim lacks scientific credibility and is dangerous to the public. More than 150 researchers from 11 countries reviewed and endorsed our response. Conclusion: In their reports, the ICA provided no valid clinical scientific evidence that chiropractic care can impact the immune system. We call on regulatory authorities and professional leaders to take robust political and regulatory action against those claiming that chiropractic adjustments have a clinical impact on the immune system.