Suchergebnisse

Wie interagieren wir mit Nachrichtensprechern, Stars, und anderen Medienfiguren, die im Fernsehen und in anderen Medien auftreten? Wie bauen wir Beziehungen zu Ihnen auf? Diese Fragen beantwortet die Forschung zu parasozialen Interaktionen und Beziehungen. Das Lehrbuch präsentiert in seiner zweiten Auflage eine aktuelle, umfassende und leicht verständliche Übersicht über das populäre Forschungsfeld. Verschiedene Auslegungen und theoretische Ansätze parasozialer Phänomene werden ebenso diskutiert wie methodische Zugänge, Messinstrumente, und empirisch gewonnene Erkenntnisse zu dem Thema. Das Buch folgt dabei einer klaren Struktur und einem übersichtlichen Aufbau, um eine effektive Lektüre – auch beim gelegentlichen Nachschlagen – zu garantieren. Somit eignet sich das Lehrbuch sowohl für Studierende wie auch für interessierte Wissenschaftler und Kommunikationspraktiker.

This volume represents the next generation of research in media psychology, bridging selective exposure into a larger framework of choice in media usage. Considering the myriad media options available to use, this work seeks to answer such questions as: What mechanisms guide an individual's exposure to/choice of media? How can researchers model them? The questions why and how people decide to use media offerings are key in current communication scholarship. Research on selective exposure has addressed this area in the past, but the term 'media choice' is used here to represent any implicit/aut

Der Autor beschreibt die Funktionen, Erscheinungsformen und den Nutzen von politischen Weblogs in der Wahlkampfkommunikation, die eine Art regelmäßig geführter Internet-Tagebücher sind und interaktive Rückmeldungen oder Kommentare durch andere Internet-Nutzer ermöglichen. Der Autor zeigt, dass sich die Weblogs besonders gut für personalisierte Politkampagnen eignen, weil sie auf Charaktereigenschaften von Personen, wie Führungsstärke, Solidarität, Humanität und Integrität, rekurrieren und wichtige Instrumente einer vertrauensbildenden Wahlkampfkommunikation darstellen können. Durch eine persönliche Ansprache vermitteln sie Authentizität und lassen eine halbprivate Atmosphäre entstehen, die eine weniger artifizielle Vermittlung von personalisierten Wahlkampfbotschaften ermöglicht. So werden z.B. Anekdoten aus der persönlichen Vergangenheit von Politikern erzählt, es werden die Ehepartner und Kinder werbewirksam in Szene gesetzt, es wird Bürgernähe demonstriert und somit dem Eindruck elitärer Abgehobenheit entgegengewirkt. Der Autor diskutiert die Chancen und Risiken der Weblogs bezüglich der Aspekte Persuasion, Agenda-Setting, Erzeugung von Stimmungsbildern und politische Mobilisierung, um abschließend einige Handlungsempfehlungen zum konstruktiven Umgang mit Politiker-Blogs zu geben. (ICI2)

Recent approaches in entertainment research highlight the distinction between hedonic (pleasure-seeking) and eudaimonic (truth-seeking) entertainment experiences. However, insights into the underlying processes that give rise to these different types of entertainment experiences are still scarce. This study examines the assumption that individuals' entertainment experience varies by the level of cognitive and affective challenge posed by the media content. We tested this assumption in a 2 × 2 experiment in which we examined the effects of cognitive and affective challenge on individuals' entertainment experience (fun, suspense, and appreciation). Cognitive and affective challenges resulted in stronger appreciation of the movie, affective challenges resulted in heightened suspense, whereas the absence of both cognitive and affective challenges fostered the experience of fun. These results further the theoretical understanding of hedonic and eudaimonic entertainment in that they support the idea that fun is linked to recreation, whereas appreciation is linked to cognitive challenge and personal growth.

Abstract
Research on parasocial interactions (PSI) and parasocial relationships (PSR) refers back to a tradition of 50 years. However, research on both phenomena still suffers from overlapping definitions and resulting measurements that do not distinguish between PSI and PSR. The present study presents a post-exposure measurement tool (the PSI-Process Scales) that aims to measure PSI instead of PSR. It is derived from a theoretical model that specifically focuses on PSI. Psychometric analyses indicate the tool's high usability. It is capable of displaying both the intensity and the dimensionality of PSI. It can be applied to measure both positive and negative PSI across all TV formats, without changing the item wording. In sum, the PSI-Process-Scales may offer a valuable alternative for researchers in the field, specifically if they want to assess parasocial processes that take place throughout TV exposure.

Research has consistently shown that males play violent video games more frequently than females, but factors underlying this gender gap have not been examined to date. This approach examines the assumption that males play violent video games more because they anticipate more enjoyment and less guilt from engaging in virtual violence than females. This may be because males are less empathetic, tend to morally justify physical violence more and have a greater need for sensation and aggression in video game play than females. Results of a path model based on survey data of 444 respondents and using multi-step multiple mediation analyses confirm these assumptions. Taken together, the findings of this study shed further light on the gender gap in violent video game use.

The hostile media effect (HME) entails that partisanship incites hostile perceptions of media content. However, other research underscores that partisans selectively turn to like-minded media, resulting in a friendly media phenomenon (FMP). The present study suggests that the HME and FMP co-exist, and, furthermore, jointly affect people's voting behavior. More specifically, based on a media content analysis and a long-term panel survey surrounding the 2014 election for the European Parliament in the Netherlands, we find that people selectively turn to like-minded friendly media (FMP), but perceive coverage about the EU (European Union) in these media as relatively unsupportive of their own position (HME). In this context, the FMP and HME appear to jointly influence voting behavior. People cast votes in line with the objectively partisan-friendly media tone of their self-selected media. However, to a certain extent they do so, because they seem motivated to counteract the seemingly unfair or insufficient coverage about the EU.