Suchergebnisse

Irrigation of Riam Kanan is project financed by Japanese Government withpotential area 25,900 hectare, which covered sub area A,B,C,D and E. The purpose ofthe project was to fulfill the need of all plants according to planting pattern that wasschedule, technically through system and drainage. The research has purposed to recognize Riam Kanan irrigation establishment effecton frequency of plantation, productivity and income of rice farming system. To get data in this research use methods survey and observation, respondent orfarmer objects by random data shortinity. Research result showed that Rian Kananirrigation project can increase frequency of plantation, productivity and income of ricefarming system, although not optimally obtained. For all condition is enough to realizethat result of rice farming system irrigated area higher than unirrigated area.Key words: productivity analysis, Riam Kanan irrigation project

This study to analyze the Indonesin patchouli oil export to the world main market (USA), beteen 1989-2009 oeriod by analyzing : (1) the export oerformance, (2) the export competitiveness, and (3) the factors influenced to Indonesian patchouly oil export demand to USA. The export performance was measured by trend of export, Trae Specialization Index (ISP), and Market Penetration Index (IPP); while the export competitives was measured by Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Acceleration Ration (AR) Index. This study shows that : (1) the export performance have worked well : (a) trend export was positive, (b) ISP was positive (maturity level), (c) average of IPP was the biggest (2) the export competitiveness was strong; (a) average of RCA was the biggest, (b) AR value approached to +1, the export acceleration worked well; (3) the significant factors influenced were world and France patchouli oil export, international price, and distillation point price. In order to maintained the export performance and decrease the competitiveness, should be done as following ; (1) to maintained the continuity of prioduct by making a commodity area consentration, (2) to strove the cooperation and support between government and industrialist, (3) government anda industrialist actively giving consulting to farmers for anticipating the world market needs and conditions, (4) improving the product quality; (5)mto give extra attention at buyer needs and stocks.

The aims of this study are to analyze and describe the potency and challenge in implementation of warehouse receipts system in Niaga Mukti Cooperative, Cianjur. The used method is descriptive analysis with the subject of Niaga Mukti Cooperative as the sample of WRS for rice commodity. The result of the research tells that warehouse receipts system has potency as collateral credit document to obtain the finance of farm for the member of Niaga Mukti Cooperative with 6% per year or 1,5% per month after obtaining from the government grant. In conducting WRS program, the cooperative confronts various challenges such as empowering of economic society through WRS, empowering of warehouse receipts as alternative finance, finance instruments and marketing for farm and requiring coordination and correlation among the government, regions, farm cooperative, bussinessmen, and finance institutions.

The aims of this research were: (1) to describe the society motivation in developing the Malam Mangoes farm; (2) to describe kinds of Malam Mangoes farm development; (3) to identify the community powerfulness in developing the Malam Mangoesfarm during three years (2004-2006); and (4) to identify the correlation between outsiders and insiders contribution in developing the Malam Mangoesfarm. The research took 60 samples, which all of them were mango farmer in Watugajah village. The statistic method usedfor analyzing was Bivariate correlation. Thefinding indicated that: (1) motivation among society in developing the Malam Mangoes farm in Watugajah was an existence motivation; (2) the development of Malam Mangoes farm was done by government and society; (3) community powerfulness was highly performed in all activities, i.e. production,marketing, social system and ecological activities, by more than 50%peopleduring three years (2004-2006) in Watugajah with. score obtained was71.44%; (4) government and extension ··worker contribution have asignificant influence in empowerment process. In empowerment processwhen the government and extension worker contribution was high, a societycontribution would low. This situation happened because the communitybecame more dependence.

This research aimed at investigating : (1) the analysis of cooperation based on agricultural criterion in Kolaka District based on cooperation performance analysis based on agricultural criterion in Kolaka District according to cooperative development orientation and cooperation classification orientation; (2) the cooperation performance based on farmer's perception and cooperation apparatus; (3) find out the benefit found by the farmer as the member; (4) the analysis of correlation between performance and benefit obtained by farmer as cooperation member. This research applied analytical method. The data used consists of primary and secondary data. Primary data in this research is taken from questioner answer returned by cooperation apparatus respondent and stakeholders who asses the performance and benefit from 10 Agriculture Cooperation of Kolaka District. Secondary data obtained were as: (a) the data of financial report or the balance 10 Agriculture Cooperation in Kolaka District year 2006-2010, (b) the data of profit and loss data 10 Agriculture Cooperation in Kolaka District year 2006-2010. The research finding shown that based on Cooperation Cllasification Orientation, the Agriculture Cooperation in Kolaka District in average was 61.58 in 2007 and included quite good category. In 2008, the average of the cooperation performance was 62.05 and included in quite good category. In 2009 the average of cooperation performance was 62.38 and included in quite good category. In 2010 the average of cooperation performance was 61.28 and include in quite good category. Then, majority of cooperation apparatus and stakeholders asses that agriculture cooperation in Kolaka District include in quite good criteria that is 48.75%. furthermore, majority of respondents asses that agriculture cooperation in Kolaka District is beneficial, that is 65%. Based on SEM analysis, the correlation of agriculture cooperation performance positively correlates with the finding benefit by farmers. The correlation of coefficient value of 0.85 has statistical value 14.40. the correlation of standardization value of 0.85 shows the performance and beneficial agriculture cooperation which brings the real correlation. Sequentially, the performance components give the biggest to smallest con tribution that is, caring towards the community is 0.86. the component of voluntary and opened membership is 0.80. the controlling by member democratically is 0.79. the economically participant of the member is 0.71. the education and training give contribution to 0.25. then to components of cooperation benefit sequentially give the biggest to smallest contribution that is marketing economy benefit is 0.96. credit benefit is 0.88. economical benefit of farmer necessity is 0.86. the contribution to social benefit is 0.48.

This research was aimed to determine theforms of the non-tarifbarrier and its impact to the Indonesian shrimp export demand to the European Union (EU), beside the other factors as constructor of demand function. This research used secondary data (lime series) during 23 years (1984-2006): shrimp export volume (Qd), shrimp export price (Px), domestic shrimp price (Pd), crab export price (Pk), exchange rate from the importing countries, and commerce regulations which is peiformed by EU as dummy variables. The data collected from DKP, BPS, Depdag, internet, and other relevant institutions. Peculiarly, the dummy variable grouped into 6 groups: RASFF (DI), contaminant (D2), certain substances & residues (D3), health conditions & food hVf!iene rules (D4), HCCP (D5), and marketinf! standards (D6).This research used the multiple regression analysis model, with the tolerant time (!gg) I year from tfor several dummy variables. Analysis were conducted at 6 markets: UE as a whole, Dutch, United Kingdom (UK), French, Germany, and Belgia and Luxemburg. Testing of the classical assumptions conducted by the econometric criterions is covering the economic and statistic criterions. The estimation of the regression parameters conducted by the smallest square method (ordinarv least SQuare. OLS) and model repaired as the effect of existence of the first order autocorrelation by a comand "auto". The equation model related to the Coob-Douglas model, was transformed into the natural logarithm model in order to easiZv analyzed in package program of statistics.Result of the analysis indicated that the commerce regulations applied by the EU, which its vary to each state, entirely has the negative impact to the Indonesian shrimp export to the UE, except D4 for the UK that shown the positive impact. Several regulations known newly indicated the effect which itsformed into Jgg or its impact is newly felt I year after the regulations enter into force. Thefact strengthen the assumption that applying of commerce regulations by the UE can be the disguised restriction to trade, in this case included to the non tarifbarrier. The sixth groups of the regulationswere very related to the food security and traceability aspect, or in its bearing with the WTO agreements were very related to the SPS and TBT aspect. This invention also strengthen the assumption that non-tarif barrier which newly developed by the advanced countries to control the importation from the other countries were deal with the food security and traceability aspect, or the SPS and TBT aspect. The quantitative non- tarif barrier, example import quota or embargo, were rarer in used. Ap-parently, the EU doesn't wishtoooutspokenin theeffort to control its commerce with the other countries.Realizedor not, in thepresentnon-tarif barrier haveimportantposition to determinewhetheror not thefluent of theinternational trade

Feasibility analysis/study is a way to determine the feasibility of the business in terms economic , technical, and financial. The result of this analysis can give benefit as a guide for entrepeneurs, farmers, government to etermine the investment decision. This research/thesis aim to examine the aloes processing aspect, such as: production, managerial, commercial, economic value, environmental impact the aloes marketing chain, and analyze the feasibility of pig aloes processing of Asmat district.This study uses financial analysis, including : Net Present Value (NPV), Net B/C Ratio, Internal Rate Of Return (IRR), Break Event Point (BEP), Payback Period (PP), Sesitivity analysis was also performed, considering the uncertainrty in the parameters and cultivation analysis as comparison of aloes business in nature exploitation.The result of this study show that business of aloes pig processing of Asmat is feasible. If the business activity was conducted in Asmat district with an estimate investment costs increased by 200% the business is feasible. It is recommended to carry out does cultivation in order to preserve the forest, aloes host tree preservation, and sustainability of the aloes processing business.

This research was aimed: (1) to measure market intionegration of minyak sawit in the various Indonesia, Malaysia dan Rotterdam; (2) to measure the integration between minyak sawit markets and the substitution markets of minyak sawit ( world market of soybean oil, world market of sunflower oil, world market pf rapesseed oil); and (3) to analyze the leading market of minyak sawit. This research was basd on monthly orice data from 1999 t 2008, taken from World Bank. Market integration was analyzed by using Eagle and Granger model of c-integration. Granger causality test was used to measure the leading market. The result showed that Indonesian minyak sawit market is integrated strongly with minyak sawit market in Malaysia and Rotterdam. Malaysian minyak sawit market isintegrated weakly with Rotterdam minyak sawit market. The analysis of co-integration showed that there were integration between minyak sawit market and substitution markets of minyak sawit. Minyak sawit market also is integrated with the petroleum oil market. Granger causality test showed that Malaysian minyak sawit market was leading to other minyak sawit market. The last, this research suggested that increasing quality control, monitoring behavior of minyak sawit price in the Malaysia and Rotterdam market, and supporting government policies might be needed to increase Indonesian minyak sawit price.

There are three patterns of smallholder oil palm plantation in North Mamuju regency, ie plasma, IGA (Income Generating Activity), and mandiri (independent). Independent smallholder plantations are plantations managed by the community themselves without the involvement of others. While the partnership patterns can be divided into plasma and IGA. The partnership is a form of fostering of smallholders plantations by large private plantation in this area. This study aims to determine the amount of oil palm production on smallholder plantations and the factors that affect.This research was conducted in North Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province which has the widest smallholder oil palm plantation in Sulawesi Island with various pattern. Four villages in two sub-districts were chosen purposively consideration with having three patterns of smallholder plantations. Farmer samples were taken using the snowball method after stratification of the pattern was carried out. Data analysis was performed with Cobb-Doulas function model in the normalized logarithm, using Eviews 6 software. These findings are the average production of 56,840 kg, with productivity of 20,300 kg/ha. Input of land area, NPK fertilizer, age of oil palm crops, outside family labor, frequency of estate sanitation and distance of estate to river is the determinant input to production. Input land area is found as the most elastic input. However, land use for oil palm plantations should still refer to existing legislation

The lack of capital for investment and limited access for small beef cattle farming to obtain credit from financial institution have contributed to the occurrence of share-beef cattle in rural areas. Through share-beef cattle pattern, the farmers (tenant) can rent livestock from other parties (individual nor government) within a share-beef cattle contract agreement. The purposes of this study were to determine the technical efficiency and the factors which influence the inefficiency from 108 small beef cattlebreeding, which consists of 59 farming operated by owner and 49 operated by tenant. The unit samples were selected by snowball sampling method and analysed by Stochastic Frontier Production. Our study showed that the average technical efficiency of beef cattle breeding operated by owner was at 0.73, otherwise operated by tenant was at 0.790. The inefficiency of beef cattle breeding operated by owner has negatively corresponded to the number of cows, the farmer age, the age of cow and the application of artificial insemination (IA), but positively corresponded to allocation of family labour and level of farmer education. The inefficiency of beef cattle breeding operated by a tenant has negatively corresponded to the application of artificial insemination (AI). Specific conclusion of the study was the technical efficiency level of small beef cattle breeding was not only affected by the ownership of beef cattle but also by the pattern of share-beef cattle. The share-beef cattle based on share income(50:50) may improve the value of technical efficiency compared to share-beef cattle based on share in-kind (share-beef cattle revolving cow or share-beef cattle revolving calf).

Study the role of social capital on nurturing of agribusiness sustainability is still limited. Whereas, the indepth understanding toward the role of social capital in facilitating cooperation on relationships among institutions (actors) of agribusiness is very important and strategic for planning of agricultural development. This study is aimed to describe the role of social capital in facilitating cooperation on relationships among marketing institutions of corn in Tujuh Belas sub district, Bengkayang regency. The primary data were collected by observation, focus group discussion, and indepth interview to farmers and traders. The result of this study shows that the implementation of social capital element in farming activities or agribusiness in this location, generally based on effort of resources exchange among actors. On the relationships among the farmers, social capital is implemented by exchange of household labor (strict and sort term reciprocity). Meanwhile, in relationships between farmer and village trader and also between village trader and wholesaler, the social capital is implemented by exchange of economic resources. The exchange of resources is frequent implemented by trial risk, risk sharing, and applying flexibility in any type of transaction (non strict reciprocity in the sort term). This resources's exchange is understood as effort to nurture agribusiness sustainability in the long run.

In the current era, government has facilitated, trained and supported the implementation ofirrigation development and management providing maximum opportunities to any region, bybringing forward the initiative, capacity, and the regional authority concerned in accordance withthe economic and decentralization spirits. However, based on the present data, it is suggested thatirrigation improvement program has not been able to absolutely alleviate poverty because irrigationis only one of supporting capitals in farming system. The research was conducted in ParigiMoutong from March 2009 to December 2010. Data was collected through survey aimed at: (1)analyzing poverty incidence and gap; (2) identifying government policy on irrigation developmentand management. The research results showed that: (1) based on the poverty incidences and gapanalysis, Torue and South Parigi sub districts had populations of poor people of 55.89 and 49.36%,respectively, (2) the Central Sulawesi governmental policy on Water Resources and IrrigationSector Management Program (WISMP) has been running for 3 years, which is currently a priorityprogram in managing water/irrigation resources. Its implementation is needed in order tosuccesfully create self-supported farmers in participative irrigation management by activelyinvolving water user farmer groups (WUFG) directed to foster the sense of belonging. Thus,responsibility transfer in management can run smoothly and the realization of efficient, effectiveand sustainable irrigation based on self-supported farmer community belong to WUFG isachievable. The WISMP can reduce the poverty level 5% but it was not significant in alleviating povertyKata kunci : Irrigation, poverty, regional government policy.

Declining of agricultural commodity prices during the harvest season has become detrimental to farmers. It often makes farmers not harvest their crops because the cost of harvesting is more expensive than the selling price of the product. The government makes a Warehouse Receipt System (WRS) program to help farmer to solve the cost of farm business and anticipation of low price of farmer income in harvest time. The goal of the research is to analyze and to describe regarding the potency and challenge of warehouse receipts system implementation in Niaga Mukti Cooperation, Cianjur. The method used was descriptive analysis with the subject of Niaga Mukti Cooperation as the sample of WRS for rice commodity. The result of the research shows that warehouse receipts system has potency to become collateral credit document to obtain farming budgeting for the member of Niaga Mukti cooperation with 6% per year or 1,5% per month after receiving government grant. In conducting WRS program, the cooperation confronts various challenges such as economic society empowerment through WRS, warehouse empowerment receipts as alternative finance, finance instruments and agricultural marketing. However, it requires coordination and correlation among the government, regions, farm cooperation, endeavor and finance institutions.

This research is conducted to determine the motivations, perceptions and work-family role conflict of women entrepreneurs. Respondents are about 159 women entrepreneur of processed food in Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. This research uses descriptive qualitative analysis. The results show that most of their motivations to be entrepreneur are because of external factors in which financial pressure as the main reason. All the business environments observed, namely access to capital and credit, market orientation, networks and government support are in good atmosphere. Women entrepreneur have work-family conflict primarily related to the division of domestic labor, lack of work flexibility and the solid work hours. Keywords: women entrepreneur, motivations, perceptions and work-family role conflict.

This study aimed to determine: (1) an analysis of the cooperative's performance based on the agricultural criteria in the district of Kolaka, according to the guidelines on cooperative fostering and cooperative classification; (2) the performance of the cooperative as perceived by farmers and cooperatives management; (3) determine the benefits gained by farmers as members of cooperatives; (4) an analysis of the relationship between performance and the benefits obtained by farmers as a cooperative member. The results showed that, based on the Guidelines for Cooperatives Classification, the performance of agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka in 2007 was on the average of 61.58 and fell within the "quite well" category. In 2008 the average performance of 62.05 and cooperatives are included in the category quite well. In2009, the average performance of the cooperatives was 62.38, remaining in the same category. In 2010 the average performance was 61.28, also staying in the category of "quite well". Furthermore, the management of cooperatives as well as the majority of stakeholders considered that the agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka met the criteria of "quite well", as many as 48.75%. The majority of respondents (65%) considered the agricultural cooperatives in Kolaka helpful. Based on SEM analysis, the relationship of the agricultural cooperative performance was found to be positively correlated to the benefits obtained by farmers. Standardized coefficient value of 0.85 has a value of 14.40t statistic. Standardized coefficient value of 0.85 indicates that the performance and benefits of the cooperative have a real relationship closeness. Sequentially the components of performance that contribute from the largest to the smallest are, firstly, the concern for the community, which is equal to0.86. The component of voluntary and open membership component is 0.80. The component of democratic control by members is 0.79. The component of economic participation of member is 0.71. And the component of education and training is 0.25. Regarding the components of the cooperative benefits, the components that contributes sequentially, from the largest to the smallest, are the economic benefits of marketing, that is equal to 0.96;the benefits of a large savings and loan with 0.88; the economic benefits of farmers needs 0.86; and social benefits 0.48.